Zhuzhou automobile battery industry chain, begun to take shape

Zhuzhou automobile battery industry chain, begun to take shape

, Respectively, and Zhuzhou CSR Times Electric Public Transport Company, Laptop Battery Xiangtan bus company signed over 160 units and 103 units of hybrid buses in the procurement contract, together with the November 12 public transport buses in Hunan Co., Ltd., Hunan ryujo Bus Co., Ltd. signed a 252 Taiwan hybrid buses procurement contracts, the number of contracts a total of 515 units, which is the industry's largest electric vehicles across the country orders.

Technology Support: 6 years, 17 national key science and technology bear a special

City is the national energy-saving and new energy vehicles significant R & D base and industrial base with a drive motor and control system for electric vehicle research and development as the representative of the powertrain and an early start in research and development of key parts of its level G5260 in the country.

Since 2003, the Ministry, provincial and municipal science and technology departments linkage, Zhuzhou Electric car from spare parts to the vehicle developed by the National Science and Technology Project and Provincial Science and Technology Department of Science and Technology hailed as the implementation of major scientific and technological success of the project model. The past six years, Zhuzhou Times Group, has declared and commitment to the National Science and Technology "863" electric vehicles, major projects in 17 major science and technology subjects and provincial special, and is classified as "National High Technology Development Plan (863 Plan) industrialization base" .

To this end, national, provincial and municipal science and technology departments have to support technological requirements 1 million yuan, D5318 captured a number of electric vehicles developed by the relevant technical problems, so that our city in electric vehicle motors, electric control areas such as skills, engineering capabilities as well as the industrialization process, and these are the domestic leading position.

The scientific and technological achievements into practical productive forces, in October 2004, the city set up a demonstration of electric vehicles operating company, opened the country's second article, the province's first energy-saving and new energy vehicles Demonstration Line, joining Beijing, Tianjin, Weihai, Wuhan, China the fifth city electric vehicle model operation. This year, the city has invested 150 hybrid bus demonstration operations, running mileage more than 120 million kilometers and carried more than 160 million people.

Industry pillars: 3 years to achieve 1 billion yuan output value of

August 31, 2007, 720 million yuan investment in the 310-6322 CSR Times Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd. Zhuzhou High-tech Zone in the foundation, marked the Zhuzhou Times Electric Vehicles by technology research and development, parts and components developed into a new stage of vehicle production.

In 2008, the era of electric supply for the Beijing Olympic Games, over 160 sets of the exchange of electric trolley buses drive system products, and in Beijing the world's largest electric car charging stations for the Green Olympics, Hi-tech Olympics and providing clean energy transportation. Times Electric is the first set of electric vehicle, the key components in one, with R & D, manufacturing and testing capabilities of the electric car test manufacturing company.

The industrialization of electric vehicles formed by the "depression effect" let more capital, technology, human resources, information, and other market factors converged to Zhuzhou, and the formation of an electric vehicle manufacturing as its core set of mechanical, electronic, chemical engineering, new materials and other supporting components supplied in one 310-6321 output value of 10 billion yuan of industrial clusters.

Has a core technology from the edge, to the electric vehicle manufacturer, to the era of a relatively controlled CSR Zhuzhou Electric Vehicle Demonstration operating company, a vertical electric automobile industry chain has begun to take shape.

Policy support: 3 years, Government has put in 62 million

In recent years, the municipal government attaches great importance and concern for electric vehicle projects, "electric vehicle" that keywords appear frequently in his government work report.

This year in July, the city government issued the "electrification of Zhuzhou city bus three-year outline plan of action" planned from 2009 onwards, the central city within three years the existing 627 buses all replaced by electric or hybrid, in the first province to achieve full Inspiron 9400 electrification of city buses to Zhuzhou into the national energy-saving and new energy vehicle demonstration and popularization model city, playing the nation's largest electric car create specialized R & D and manufacturing base.

In accordance with "government guidance and market operation" principle, the municipal government according to relevant state policies explicitly, in the electric car vehicle purchase tax, fees and other relief give preferential support, involving electric vehicles and demonstrations to promote the industrialization of key technologies and infrastructure of R & D for a Inspiron 9300 sustained, focused support.

At the same time, fiscal policy to encourage energy-saving and new energy vehicle demonstration and extension of the municipal financial year the allocation of funds for energy-saving and new energy vehicles for the promotion, demonstration, and operation of special subsidies and related technology research and development, industrialization of project funding. Starting this year, the city plans to invest 400 million yuan for energy-saving and the promotion of new energy vehicles, including three years of municipal finance Inspiron 6000 to take lump-sum arrangement of the bus company car and other benefits 62 million yuan.

Cooperation between government and enterprises Dongfeng Nissan electric car commercial pilot

Cooperation between government and enterprises Dongfeng Nissan electric car commercial pilot

Electric cars this year, more and more hot topics, but has faced the greatest Laptop Battery embarrassment, that is, how out of the commercialization of the first step. 22, the Guangzhou municipal government and Nissan, Dongfeng a limited, signed, "to jointly promote the electric car industry Memorandum of Understanding", which in our era of accelerating the development of electric cars, the context of this Nissan electric vehicle development ideas, perhaps for the the commercialization of electric vehicles provides a government, an example of business cooperation.

"Is to accelerate" the electric car

This year, the industry around the path of new energy vehicles to achieve a gradual reduction in the controversy, the electric cars have become the new energy dell laptop battery vehicles to achieve the best choice. With the route to determine, from government to enterprises, have begun to release electric vehicles to speed up the development of a strong signal.

In fact, as early as March this year, "issued by the automobile industry restructuring and revitalization plan", the already clearly formed in 2011 to 500,000 electric car production capacity of short-term goal.

Obama, during his visit this month to sign the "Sino-US Joint Statement", and the State Council's 40% ~ 45% of carbon emission reduction targets, but also will promote the acceleration of China's future development of electric vehicles.

"Sino-US Joint Statement," said Sino-US initiative to start Inspiron 4000 electric vehicles, so that the two countries in the next few years, several 1 million electric vehicles in use; In addition, based on the Sino-US cooperation in the field of electric vehicles, huge investment, the two governments announced 10 joint demonstration projects in several cities.

November 25th executive meeting of the State Council proposed that by 2020, the domestic unit of GDP of carbon dioxide emissions than in 2005 dropped 40% to 45%, and in the upcoming climate summit in Copenhagen announced the development of low-carbon economy will be included in a long-term planning. As has always been big in carbon emissions, the automobile industry must be in a low-carbon economic development to take on more responsibility.

At the current auto show, whether it is cross-brand, or brands, are showing a lot of electric car models. China's major auto groups also have expressed Inspiron 8100 their views on the new energy vehicles. SAIC Chairman Chen Hong, general manager of Shanghai Automotive, says that Shanghai Automotive plans to the new energy automotive industry chain to achieve competitive advantage, is currently conducting a comprehensive layout. Shanghai Automotive plans to cultivate battery management capabilities to form a battery industry chain, to form their own electric-drive gearbox development, vehicle integration and vehicle's integrated system.

As the field of electric vehicles, the biggest bet of the manufacturers, Nissan began to promote a series of electric vehicles, in November, Nissan's advanced technical description of the meeting, Nissan for the first time in China, test drive electric vehicles. At the same time, Nissan, Nissan demonstrated independent research and development lithium-ion batteries stacked small size, high stability, and have greater energy density, for the Nissan electric car faster speed and higher cruise mileage Inspiron 8000 [Review image Forum] protection. Hailed as "mobile oasis" Nissan electric concept car NUVU was also the scene of the show.

Government, enterprises join hands to promote

However, although the policy level in accelerating the promotion of electric vehicles, companies are constantly increasing input intensity, but electric cars are not perfect as a new thing, how to achieve commercialization, and there is no ready-made model for reference, rely on enterprise on its own strength it is difficult to achieve.

Listed F3DM end of last year as China's first electric car, due to high costs, inadequate social infrastructure and other reasons, consumers are still not open. This clearly shows, and alone on their own is difficult to promote commercialization.

The commercialization of electric vehicles, businesses and government cooperation, especially cooperation and local governments together to promote Inspiron 8200 may be a future development direction. In this regard, the Dongfeng-Nissan begins to come out of the tentative first step.

November 22, the Guangzhou municipal government and Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., Dongfeng Automobile Co., Ltd. signed the "electric car industry together to promote the development of a memorandum of understanding." This is the second letter of the Ministry and the Public, Wuhan City, after the signing of collaborative planning, Nissan signed on another electric vehicle development plan.

Under the MOU, the Guangzhou municipal government will be charging stations, repair stations, electric cars to promote the construction of the infrastructure to provide support. Dongfeng-Nissan electric car is limited, as the project co-operation in Guangzhou, the signatories will participate in the future of inputs, but the implementation would be determined by a subsidiary of Dongfeng Nissan in charge. As a Nissan passenger cars in China as the sole joint venture, Dongfeng Nissan Latitude CPi will promote electric cars, and according to plan, in 2011 electric cars into the Chinese market.

Nissan is committed to become a "leader in zero-emission vehicles," is scheduled to launch in China early in 2011 the first electric car, and in 2012 worldwide to promote electric vehicles. By then, the mass production electric cars will be independently developed body design, not based on any existing Nissan model.

Nissan Executive Vice President and Nishikawa widely expressed that Nissan electric vehicle early in 2011 was formally introduced into China, while in the G5266 performance of government into a positive electric vehicles in China, the popularity of electric cars has great possibilities.

Dongfeng Nakamura Kinyasu Limited, said: "We will continue to follow up the development program of the Guangzhou municipal government hoped that the Government in infrastructure, consumer subsidies, consumers, car concepts to support such areas."

Zongshen into a new field of energy devaluation lithium batteries and related power products

Zongshen into a new field of energy devaluation lithium batteries and related power products

Zuo Zongshen is promoting an ambitious plan, large enough to change Laptop Battery the Zongshen Group, the industry position. Recently held a semi-open technology forum, who started out making motorcycles, "Mount Gang" man of the publicly announced: Zongshen Group will lithium batteries as a starting point, a comprehensive new energy into the field; considerable reputation in this field of Boston Battery Co., Ltd., it is a new energy plan Zongshen's first partner.

technology and resources already available

Zongshen has launched a new energy plan, including lithium batteries, vanadium batteries, titanium batteries, super capacitors, and related power products, development, and manufacturing.

It is reported that earlier this month, Zongshen battery power has been signed with the Boston sample purchase agreement, in addition to jointly develop Latitude C610 lithium-battery power outside the system; years, the two sides will "further the depth of cooperation" negotiate.

In lithium resources, Zongshen has also been with bottom. Zuo Zongshen revealed that a few years ago Zongshen domestic and foreign investment in mining, although the pay some "fees", but also Zongshen foreshadowed a new energy plan, "on lithium resources, we now have a number of cooperative partners . "

Do first electric power systems provider

It is worth mentioning that after Zongshen Paim has been through Latitude C600 the acquisition of Canadian companies to grasp what is known as the "ultimate alternative energy," the core technology of hydrogen fuel cell.

In accordance with industry-recognized fuel - conventional batteries - lithium batteries - the evolution of hydrogen fuel-cell line, the new energy plan for the Zongshen padded, while the chain will also completely change their "power equipment manufacturers," the traditional position.

Zuo Zongshen recognized for some time, Zongshen positioning will be "electric power systems service provider." In addition to electric two-wheelers, tricycles, electric General Dynamics, marine power, and battery fast charge, sales, rotation and other supporting services, will become a broad and scope of Zongshen. To be lithium battery project "flourish", the "electric power" Latitude CPX Zongshen will be a gradual transition to a "new energy" Zongshen.

"Mount Gang Wang Chuanfu," seems ready to

This year in April, Chongqing Zongshen Paim manufacturing base in the bridge-building industrial park built count capacity in Jiangsu Province, this main attack clean-energy two-wheelers a subsidiary of Zongshen annual capacity of over 70 million.

Almost at the same time, Zongshen, and line-powered Inspiron 2500 R & D institutions at home and abroad began to move frequently. At present, Zongshen engine company has and Shanghai Oneida-driven technology companies build a project team, the first mature products are expected to be available next year.

Car + battery + system services, the future of business Zongshen composition, and now goes for a few budding BYD. The industry believes that the new energy industry development trend and the Zongshen Group, a wealth of domestic and international technical cooperation, financing platform for resources, "the Moroccan gang Wang Chuanfu" label, most is none other than the Inspiron 4100 non-Zuo Zongshen.

Sales Bao Insider: laptop battery several controversial issues

Sales Bao Insider: laptop battery several controversial issues

With the increasing popularity of notebook computers,Laptop Battery notebook computers on all aspects of the problems cropped up in various media on the largest number of arguments the proper use of laptop batteries, notebook batteries some articles say that the use of personal experience, while others claim expert guidance (which we often do these SALES), all kinds of stories are, the argument number.

The author is also a regular laptop user, although not an expert, but with many years experience in the use of notebooks, the author through a friend recruited dozens of university students using a laptop, so that they talk about their experiences on the use of laptop batteries, coupled with its a little more experience, summed up what made available to the

We as a reference, hoping to give everyone a little help.

1, the argument 1: the activation of a new battery

● point 1: before buying a new battery inside, there will be more than 3% of electricity, more than the battery inside the power exhausted, dell laptop battery until the shutdown, and then re-use an external power supply charge. Charging time must be more than 12 hours, repeated three times to do in order to activate the battery.

Point 2: No, the battery for 10 hours of rechargeable battery to activate the activity of the normal charge-discharge method for activation.

● Survey Results: The authors investigated and 24 college students laptop users, 18 is the second point of view, and that such manner and does not charge the battery for future use can hurt, of course, to exclude damage to the natural elements. The author himself is also the case when the normal use of a new battery for up to two and a half hours, now two years past, the status of the battery is still good, still can reach more than two hours, so I am afraid I have been satisfied?

● the proposed method: I agree with the second view, F5136 based on available information indicates that the activation of cell work should be completed at the factory, and laptop battery factory with a capacity of some natural wear and tear in order to avoid damaging the battery. Activation of the battery should be in no circumstances to protect the circuit can be with its own lithium battery circuit protection circuit, the purpose of this piece of the circuit is to avoid excessive battery charge and discharge, generally filled with the battery after charging when the indicator light off , the battery can not be recharged into the electricity, and then you then plug the power plug to recharge the battery in the face of what use? Available from the battery can be seen on the status of the battery have any charge, another teaches you a simple way to be able to determine whether there during the battery charging, battery charging, when the phenomenon will have a fever, when the battery is full after one hour (power plug does not pull), you go try the battery to see if the battery is still warm not hot? The result is definitely cold, because the battery is not charging and discharging state certainly does not heat. Notebook makers at the factory will propose that a new battery for more than 10 hours. This sentence may be generated for some users the wrong point of view first, the author of this opinion, Inspiron 710m should be taken into account that some notebook manufacturers a new user in the new battery charge when not fully grasp the skills, simply so that they can charge directly 10 hours, so this should be the business of expediency.

Second, the argument two: whether the external power supply unplug the battery?

● view 1: Use an external power supply when the battery removed.

● view 2: Use an external power supply is not required to remove the battery.

● Survey Results: Most students in the use of an external power source, will the battery removed, only a few use an external power supply when the battery is placed above, that the few brands are used by students in several international brand.

● the proposed method: In fact, if the battery is removed, the conflict focused on the use of an external power supply when the battery is charging to the issue

. We should know that the number of charging and discharging the battery life is directly related to the general lithium battery set the number of charging and Inspiron 700m discharging are fixed number of charge cycles only 400-600 times, specially modified products, but 800 times, once for each rechargeable batteries a step forward to retirement. The first argument is simply because they are afraid to use power, the battery will be conducted on the above charge, not only increase the number of charge cycles, but will also cause overcharge. The second view is that the battery is full power on the computer in the use of an external power supply will not recharge. In fact, both views have their right side, but also the wrong place. Because it is only the views expressed by individuals is not very comprehensive, after I investigated, many notebook manufacturers are taking into account the vulnerability of the battery, and the product added to the battery protection technology, and thus the corresponding different brand laptop batteries Charging protection technology is different, like some large companies do very well in this regard, such as: IBM, Hewlett-Packard, Toshiba, Compaq, etc.. One of the most thoughtful consideration is that IBM, IBM's notebook computers can detect the battery discharge situation, ThinkPad notebook battery only less than 95% of the time will automatically recharge. This can play a very good protective effect on the battery, and now many other manufacturers have followed suit. So, like the 5081P battery, you do not have the time to use pull down, because only when the capacity less than 95% of the time it would charge. But even so, if you are prolonged use of computers, or will the battery be removed to compare the good, because the long-running laptop heat generated when the battery will cause some damage. However, some other "little brand" laptop batteries, may not enjoy such treatment, because it has not done inside the battery protection technology. I like to use a certain brand of notebook computers, if the fully charged battery on the above, when using an external power supply was confirmed when the first charge about electricity, because the battery storage, will have wear and tear, can not reach 100%, while not 100% as long as , power supply connected to the charge. Each access to external power supply is equivalent to charging the battery once, although only a small charge will be the time. Therefore propose that we use when the machine according to their own circumstances, look at the laptop manual, choose whether to use an external power supply when the 75UYF battery removed.

Third, the argument 3: How to correctly charge?

● point 1: The battery power should always be all exhausted, so that consumption of notebook computers to automatically shut down and then recharge, each must be filled.

● point 2: when the battery is very deliberately not to pay attention to, and use when I wanted to charge to charge.

● Survey Results: The majority of students said that, unnecessary to the first view, as used in automatic shutdown and then charge, but also like the second point of view, it is free of charge. Are generally used when the battery needs charging when the computer prompted further charge, of course, prompts the time can be set, the default is to 3%.

● the proposed method: In this paper the proposed method with the majority of the students is the same. In fact, regardless of laptop use 1691P nickel-metal hydride or lithium batteries, these batteries are have a memory effect, and nickel-metal hydride batteries with memory effect is very obvious, but equally there will be lithium memory effect, but its memory effect smaller than the nickel-metal hydride Bale . There is no memory effect on lithium to say, only exaggerated and irresponsible business conduct in advertising, is totally misleading. Well, since the battery has a memory effect, it should be noted when charging point, as far as possible and then run out of charge, but do not have to deliberately say must use the computer to automatically shut down, so that although there is no harm in using them (because the laptop battery has a charge-discharge secure, laptop automatically shut down has not yet reached the standard battery discharge protection), but you do not feel so tired? In fact, less than 3% of the charge in this way is very good, memories will certainly be the effect, compared to natural wear and tear, it should be nothing. As for the second charge on the charge to the view, the author is completely disagree, and have already said, whether laptop battery nickel-metal hydride or lithium, which has a memory effect, if in this way then the battery life will be Latitude C640 shortened.

To use USB to charge laptop batteries (b)

To use USB to charge laptop batteries (b)

Figure 1. Host to low-power load voltage drop is greater than the figure given to allow DC voltage drop, it will cause the bus overload.

Battery requirements

1. Single-cell lithium-ion and lithium polymer batteries

Today's lithium battery to its maximum dell laptop battery rated capacity, its voltage is typically between 4.1V to 4.2V. The current market is being sold, the newer, higher capacity battery, its voltage range between 4.3V to 4.4V. Typical prismatic lithium-ion (Li +) and lithium polymer (Li-Poly) battery capacity of 600mAh to 1400mAh.

Pairs of Li + and Li-Poly battery, the preferred charge curve is starting from the constant current charging and continued until the battery voltage reaches the rated voltage. Then, the voltage across the battery charger regulated. These two methods constitute a constant current regulator (CC) constant voltage (CV) charging. Therefore, this type of charger is usually referred to as CCCV charger. CCCV charger into the CV mode, the battery charge current begin to decline. The use of a 0.5C to 1.5C charging rate of a typical charging, then when the battery reaches its full capacity of 80% to 90%, the charger from the CC mode to CV mode. Chargers Once CV charge mode, the battery current is monitored; When the current minimum threshold (a few tens of mA or mA), the charger Laptop Battery to terminate charging. A typical lithium battery charging curve shown in Figure 2.

 

Figure 2. The use of CCCV of Li + battery charger when the typical curve

Figure 1 shows the USB voltage drop of indicators can be seen that the downstream hub port power supply voltage low-power ports do not have enough margin, it is difficult to charge the battery to 4.2V. Charging path of a small amount of extra resistance there will be disruption to normal charging.

Li + and Li-Poly batteries should be charged under the appropriate temperature. Manufacturer's recommended maximum charging temperature of typically +45 ° C to +55 ° C between the maximum allowable discharge temperature can be higher than 10 ° C or so. Materials used in these batteries, the chemical nature of the very lively, if the battery temperature exceeds +70 ° C, combustion will occur. Li-ion battery charger should have thermal shutdown circuit monitors the battery temperature, if the Latitude D600 battery temperature exceeds the manufacturer's recommended maximum charging temperature, then the termination charge.

2. Nickel-metal hydride batteries (NiMH)

NiMH batteries should be heavier than lithium batteries, their energy density is lower than the lithium batteries. All along, NiMH batteries are cheaper than lithium batteries, but recently the price difference between the two is narrowing. NiMH batteries have a standard size, in most applications can be a direct replacement for alkaline batteries. Each section of the battery nominal voltage of 1.2V, will reach full 1.5V.

Commonly used constant-current source for NiMH batteries. When you reach the full state, exothermic chemical reaction will occur and lead to the battery temperature rises, the battery terminal voltage reduction. Can detect the battery temperature increase rate or a negative voltage change rate, and is used to terminate the charge. The charge termination methods are known as dT / dt and-ΔV. Charging rate is very low, dT / dt and-ΔV less obvious, it is difficult to detect accurately. Overcharge the battery began to enter the state, dT / dt and-ΔV response to starting to Latitude D520 show. At this point if it continues to charge, will damage the battery.

Termination detection in the charge rate is greater than C / 3 than when a low charge rate when the much easier. Temperature rise rate of about 1 ° C / min,-ΔV to respond to a low charge rate than when the more obvious. After fast charge, suggested that a smaller current recharge period of time to completely sufficient battery (supplement charge). Complement the charging end of the period following the introduction of C/20 or C/30 trickle charge current to compensate for the self-discharge effect, so that the battery remained at full status. Figure 3 shows the DS2712 NiMH charger with NiMH batteries (having been a part of the electric charge) for charging the battery voltage curve. In the diagram above a curve of the data is being poured into the battery charge current when the access to, the following data Natiao curve when the measured current is cut off. In the DS2712, this voltage difference is used to distinguish between Latitude D510 NiMH batteries and alkaline batteries. If you detect alkaline batteries, then the DS2712 will not be charging it.

 

Figure 3. Using DS2712 controller NiMH rechargeable battery

Switching and Linear

USB 2.0 specification allows low-power port to provide the maximum current of 100mA, high-power port to provide the maximum current of 500mA. If using a linear adjustment of the device to adjust the battery charge current, which is the largest available charge current. Linear adjustment device (Figure 4) power dissipation is P = VQ x IBATT. This will result in adjustment of tube heating, you may need to install the radiator to prevent overheating.

 

Figure 4. Power is equal to the battery charging current multiplied by the adjustment of the voltage across the tube

Corresponds to 5V nominal input voltage, to adjust the device's power consumption and battery type, number and Latitude D505 battery voltage.

 

Figure 5. Using 5.0V voltage of the NiMH battery charging USB port, the linear adjustment of the power consumption of the device

Nominal input voltage of 5.0V, the linear USB battery charger for NiMH battery power consumption results in Figure 5. Pairs of single-cell charging, the efficiency of a linear charger is only 30%; pairs of two batteries, the efficiency is 60%. With 500mA current on a single battery, the power will be up to 2W. This power is usually need to increase heat sink. Power consumption of 2W, the thermal resistance of +20 ° C / W radiator at +25 ° C ambient temperature will be heated to about +65 ° C, to obtain full capacity performance, but also the need to assist their cooling air flow . Enclosed space at a static air, the temperature will be higher.

Based switching regulator charger to resolve several issues. First of all, when compared with the linear charger can be at a faster rate, larger current on the battery charge (Figure 6). Due to lower power consumption, less heat and thermal management issues are also reduced. At the same time,Latitude D500 due to lower operating temperature, chargers and more reliable.

 

Figure 6. On a single NiMH battery, the linear charger and switch charger charging at different times

Figure 6 in the calculations and assumptions are based on the following conditions: high-power USB port maximum allowable current (500mA) for about 90% of the charge; switching regulator use of non-synchronous rectification buck converter with a 77% efficiency.

Circuit examples

Figure 7 shows the circuit is used for a single NiMH battery switch-mode buck regulator. It uses DS2712 charge controller regulating charge current and charge termination. Charge controller monitors the temperature, battery voltage and battery current. If the temperature exceeds +45 ° C or below 0 ° C, controller will not charge the Inspiron 600m battery.

Figure 7. USB ports on a single fast-charging NiMH battery schematic

Shown in figure 7, Q1 is the step-down charger switching power transistor; L1 is the filter inductance; D1 is a freewheeling diode, or rectifier. Input capacitance C1 as 10μF, low ESR ceramic filter capacitor. Using tantalum capacitors or other electrolytic capacitor C1 will replace the charger performance degradation. R7 is the current regulator sense amplifier sense resistor. DS2712 reference voltage of 0.125V, and with 24mV hysteresis. Through the provision of closed-loop CSOUT, switch-mode current control. CC1 to Q2 charge control pin down when the gate so that it can Q1's gate drive. Q1 and Q2 are low-Vt (gate - source threshold voltage) of the pMOSFET. CC1 and CSOUT are low, Q2's drain - source voltage will be slightly larger than Vt. The voltage and the forward voltage drop constitutes a CSOUT gate switching voltage of Q1.

CC1 is low, the starting current Inspiron 510m closed-loop control. Figure 8 shows the waveforms when the start switch. The top of the waveform is 0.125Ω (the voltage across sense resistor, the bottom waveform is the Q1 drain to the GND voltage. The beginning, when Q1 opens (CC1 and CSOUT are low), the inductor current is upwards. When the current increased so large that the voltage across the sense resistor to 0.125V when, CSOUT becomes high, the switch off. Since then, the inductor current began to decline, until the voltage across the sense resistor to approximately 0.1V, CSOUT also becomes low power level. as long as CC1 is low, the process continues.

 

Figure 8. USB NiMH charger to start the waveform

DS2712's internal state machine controls the CC1 work. Charging the beginning, DS2712 first state of the battery tests to ensure that the battery voltage is between 1.0V to 1.65V and confirmed that the temperature in the 0 ° C to +45 ° C between. If the voltage is below 1.0V, DS2712 will be 0.125 of the duty cycle down CC1, slow battery charging, to prevent damage to the Inspiron 500m battery. Once the battery voltage exceeds 1.0V, the state machine to fast charge mode. Fast charge duty cycle of 31/32 hours, or about 97%.

"Skip" within the margins of the battery impedance testing to ensure that no errors into a high-impedance battery charger (such as alkaline batteries) to charge. Detected after-2mV of-ΔV, fast-charge end. If not detected-ΔV, will continue to fast-charge, until the fast charge timer timeout, or to detect over-temperature or over-voltage fault condition (including the impedance of failure) so far. Fast-Charge completed (due to-ΔV, or fast-charge timer timeout), after, DS2712 into the regular complement the charge mode, the duty cycle of 12.5%, duration of fast-charge from time to time established by half. Supplement charge is completed, the charger into the maintenance mode, the duty cycle of 1 / 64, until the battery is removed or re-power.

As shown in Figure 7 using high-power USB port on the charger and 2100mAh 312-0305 NiMH battery, the fast charge time for a little over 2 hours, about 3 hours to complete, including the full complement, including charging the charging process. Lessons from the port current of 420mA. If you need to host enumeration process and the need to enable high-current operation, R9 and ground in series between an open-drain nMOSFET. If the MOSFET turn-off, then the TMR floating empty, DS2712 into a pending state.

Summary

For small consumer electronics devices in terms of battery charging, USB port is an economic and practical power. To fully comply with USB 2.0 specifications, connected to the USB port of the load must be able to host two-way communication. The load must also comply with power management requirements, including low-power mode, and easy to determine when the host needs to port a means of drawing large currents. Although some compatible system to adapt to most of the USB host, but sometimes unexpected results. Only a good understanding of the USB specification requirements and expectations of the load can be regulated when it comes to compatibility between the complexity and load to achieve 312-0306 better balance.

To use USB to charge laptop batteries (a)

To use USB to charge laptop batteries (a)

Universal Serial Bus (USB) port is a power and ground with a bi-directional data port. USB can connect Laptop Battery all types of peripherals, including external drives, storage devices, keyboard, mouse, wireless interfaces, video and still cameras, MP3 players and the countless variety of electronic equipment. Many of these devices use battery-powered, some with built-in battery. For battery charging design, the application of a wide range of USB brings both opportunities and challenges. This paper describes how a simple battery charger with the USB power source interface. Article reviews the USB power bus characteristics, including voltage, current limit, inrush current, connectors and cable connection problem. At the same time introduced a nickel-metal hydride batteries (NiMH) and lithium battery technologies, charging methods, and charge termination techniques. Gives a complete example of circuit used to implement USB port for charging NiMH batteries intelligent, and gives the charging data.

Overview

Universal Serial Bus (USB) port is a power and ground with a bi-directional data port. USB can connect all types of peripherals, including external drives,C1295 laptop battery storage devices, keyboard, mouse, wireless interfaces, video and still cameras, MP3 players and the countless variety of electronic equipment. Many of these devices use battery-powered, some with built-in battery. For battery charging design, the application of a wide range of USB brings both opportunities and challenges. This paper describes how a simple battery charger with the USB power source interface. Article reviews the USB power bus characteristics, including voltage, current limit, inrush current, connectors and cable connection problem. At the same time introduced a nickel-metal hydride batteries (NiMH) and lithium battery technologies, charging methods, and charge termination techniques. Gives a complete example of circuit used to implement USB port for charging NiMH batteries intelligent, and gives the charging data.

USB Features

USB bus can provide power to low-power dell laptop battery electronic devices. Bus-power and power isolation, and has very good stability. However, the available current is limited, while the host or power between the load and there is a potential interoperability problems.

Two-way USB port from 90Ω differential shielded twisted-pair, VBUS (+5 V power supply), and constituted. This is four lines from the aluminum foil and braid shield within the outer shield layer shielding. The latest USB specification version 2.0 standard is available from USB organizations for free. To achieve full compliance with the normative standards, through a functional device and the host controller to achieve two-way communication between the. Specification defines a unit load as 100mA (max). Any equipment allowed to draw the maximum current of 5 units of the load.

USB ports can be divided into low-power port and power port into two categories, low-power port can provide a unit load of current, 1X793 laptop battery high-power port provides up to five units of the load current. When the device is connected to the USB port, the device enumeration process to identify and determine its load requirements. In this process, only to allow the device from the host draw up a unit load of current. Enumeration process is complete, if the host's power management software allows, then the high-power devices can draw a larger current.

Some host systems (including downstream USB hub) through fuses or active current limit detector provides workflow features. If the USB device is not USB port through the enumeration process begins with drawing large currents (more than one unit load), then the host will detect over-current condition and will be closed are using one or more USB ports. The market supply of a number of USB devices, including independent battery charger, do not function controller to handle enumeration process, but the current draw is more than 100mA. In this inappropriate conditions, these devices may cause the host problem. For example, if a drawing 500mA current device into a bus-powered USB hub, and did not correct the enumeration process, it may lead to the hub port and host port 6Y270 laptop battery at the same time overload.

The host operating system, using advanced power management of the situation will be even more complicated, especially notebook computers, it is always hoped that the port currents as low as possible. In some power-saving mode, the computer will suspend issuing commands to the USB device and then think that equipment into a low-power mode. Equipment can be included in a function to communicate with the host controller is always a good practice, even for the same is true for low-power devices.

USB 2.0 specification is very comprehensive and provides for the quality of power supply, connectors, construction, cable material, allowing the voltage drop and inrush current. Low current and high-current power supply port with a different target. This was mainly by the host and the load between the connectors and cable voltage drop on the decision, and includes USB-powered hub to generate voltage drop. Including computer, or self-powered USB hub, including the host, have large 312-0068 laptop battery current port, which provides maximum 500mA of current. Passive, bus-powered USB hub with a low current port. Table 1 shows the high current and low-current USB ports upstream side (power) pin allows the voltage tolerance.

 

These indicators apply to the upstream end of the host or hub port connector pins. Cables and connectors on the I x R drops need to be considered separately.

Subject to the host USB 2.0 specification, high-power port with the upstream end of 120μF, low ESR capacitors. The connected USB device input capacitance of 10μF or less limited to, in the initial stage of the load connected, allowing the load from the host (or self-powered hub) to draw the maximum charge number of 50μC. As a result, when the new device is connected to the USB port, the upstream port transient voltage drop is less than 0.5V. If the normal work load required a greater input capacitance, you must provide inrush current limiter, in order to ensure Latitude D610 laptop battery a larger capacitor charging current does not exceed 100mA.

When the USB port with a bus-powered USB hub, hub on the access of low-power device, USB port on a permissible DC voltage drop shown in Figure 1. High-power loads and bus-powered hub connection, the voltage drop will exceed the target given in Figure 1, and will cause the bus overload.

 

May not be known for your laptop battery Mistakes

May not be known for your laptop battery Mistakes

We often use the laptop will produce some errors, Inspiron 630m the following list I would let you use the battery a few mistakes, and I hope everyone is in use in time to avoid.

1. Full power to unplug the power

In the notebook computer battery is fully charged circumstances, should no longer be using a laptop computer external power supply. Because in the case of loading the battery using a laptop computer, in fact are in a re-charge the battery when the use of the state. In addition to reducing the battery life of things, using both AC and battery, the machine can also cause 6T473 overheating, it is very easy to damage the other components.

Data Figure: Notebook Batteries

2. A long time do not use the battery

While connected to an external power source should not use the battery, but a long time without using the battery approach is also wrong, the need for regular battery capacity to activate the appropriate use appears to be more accurate. In particular, each time Inspiron 5100 when you should pay attention to the use of the battery re-charging the battery runs out, but try not to without full power, unplug, have already been filled with power, it should be a separate battery or power adapter and not be shared use.

Data for: laptop battery disassembled

3. Often the battery discharge

Do not remove the battery often, nudity battery position, this large amount of dust caused by easy access when using the battery Inspiron 1100 connection is bad, the battery should be noted that when the demolition dust waterproof moisture shock, regular position at right with a small brush to clean.

Car prices new energy scheme

Car prices new energy scheme

Guangzhou Motor Show in this "new energy" cars and "green" slogan has been widely dell laptop battery demonstrated. Technology, no matter how advanced, the end, only to adapt to the market in order to win. History of the development from cars, to the emergence of Internet technology, a good business without than in product innovation, marketing, service, keeping up with market pace, to meet the market demand.

According to statistics, in 2008 China's total car sales of new energy 9881, the market share of passenger cars account for only 0.2% of total sales. Among them, a total of 2617 on the licensing of vehicles, made cars FAW Toyota Prius 610, Shanghai GM Buick LaCrosse 313, imported cars Honda Civic 33, a total of 1661 Lexus. While China's own brand has served on the Olympic Games Chang'an Jie Xun and Chery A5BSG, has not officially on sale.

Entered in 2009, China's auto market than the United States officially became the world's largest automotive market. The new energy vehicles are still just business keep up the banner of environmental protection. Such as the Toyota Prius as a more mature production of new energy vehicles in China for one year, only the output of more than 2,000 cars.

New energy vehicles "green" road

In this reality, the industry Laptop Battery there have been many voices to reflect the new energy vehicles. Zhao, vice president of Shanghai New Energy-pass in an article referred to "in the Chinese market, the promotion of new energy vehicles keep on fighting and struggling. For new energy vehicles, it should encourage the development, but be careful to promote."

China's auto industry in recent years, rapid growth, consumer policy has played an important guiding role. 2009 purchase tax by half, "car to the countryside" and the Trade-three policy, driving private cars on China's huge consumption potential in the financial crisis, under the domestic automobile production and sales achieved in 2009 up by 30 to 40 per month % of an increase.

If a series of foster policy into the acquisition of new energy vehicles, the lower the acquisition of new energy vehicles and the use of the cost of new Latitude D820 energy sources will play a fast car market leveraging role in promoting China's new energy to accelerate the growth of the automobile industry.

In early 2009 to promote energy conservation and new energy vehicles scale, industrialization, the Ministry of Finance jointly issued a circular of Science and Technology in Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Changchun, Dalian, Hangzhou, Jinan, Wuhan, Shenzhen, Hefei, Changsha, Kunming , Nanchang and other cities in 13 energy-saving and new energy vehicle demonstration and extension of experimental work, plans four years, the central and local financial subsidies in the form of fiscal policy to encourage public transportation, rental, service, sanitation and postal and other public services, take the lead in promoting the use of energy-saving and new energy vehicles, to promote the use of units to buy energy-saving and new energy vehicles TD175 grant basis.

This policy focused on "energy-saving emission reduction," "strengthen the fuel-efficient energy-saving work" and "focus on breakthroughs in restricting the key to industrial transformation and upgrading technology to carefully cultivate a number of strategic industries," the spirit of strategic decision-making for the expansion of automobile consumption, to speed up industrial restructuring vehicles. Specific subsidies strategy is to focus on the acquisition of the central finance energy-saving and new energy vehicles will provide subsidies to local governments focus on the relevant supporting facilities construction and maintenance grant basis.

Relevant departments also push the prices of local action. It is reported that in the period from 2010 to 2015, the Guangzhou people purchase to meet the requirements of new energy vehicles will be expected to enjoy the relief for years of votes, the purchase tax by half, halving the travel tax, parking and tolls subsidy PC764 concessions.

China need to pay attention to things as "opportune," the prosperity of auto market at the moment seem even more bleak new energy vehicles and remote, which is in fact implicit in the timing of the bedding. "2009 years of China's auto market blowout prosperity, although not seemingly has nothing to do with the new energy vehicles, but it actually stand for the car to the direction of the development of new energy vehicles have laid a favorable foundation" SCAS that the company's responsible person WANG Zi-Hou .

The market is the standard test

The new energy vehicles and agreed upon the direction of 312-0386 the market, capital is also pursuing a variety of ways this hot. A variety of car prices forces, take this chance to the integration of resources, are attempts to seek a place for new energy vehicles. But the market participation of any party, from the multinational, joint ventures, state-owned enterprises, private enterprises and other vehicles, regardless of which side of the layout of the new energy markets in the short term does not mean that profits and market opportunities, risks and opportunities are always co-exist.

Cell vehicles, fuel vehicles, diesel vehicles, strictly speaking, are not emerging source of energy. China issued on the car new energy-related provisions, the new types of energy carried out a detailed plan, which is from the perspective of industrial policy planning considerations. However, from a realistic point of view, regardless of whether the technology already exists, can meet the future automotive market, the trend of environmental protection requirements, is the development trend of new energy vehicles the ultimate response.

From the essence of view, the community has been reached on the development of new energy vehicles scientific knowledge and political awareness on the basic consensus, at this stage the reality of new energy vehicles hit hard, in the final economic interests of the cognitive disharmony. This is one of the economic benefits, including the internal combustion engine as the core of the traditional automobile industry developed chain stakeholders, new energy vehicles more open chain of the emerging automobile industry stakeholders, consumers in the purchase of new Latitude D620 energy vehicles the cost borne by the individual and social benefit of the public nature of these are subject to competition in the market gradually unity and resolve. Solve these problems in the development of new energy vehicles will be an inevitable move toward consciousness, the unconscious into clear from the vague and promoting China's automobile industry to seize the high ground.

The beginning of 2009, with new energy car-related stocks were active, the new Huaguang (23.40, -0.17, -0.72%), Huadian Power International (5.38, -0.18, -3.24%), Anhui BBCA Biochemical Co. (8.10,0.10, 1.25%), MACRO (10.11, -0.55, -5.16%), Huitong Group (7.60, -0.10, -1.30%), and other enterprises have investment and new energy automotive industry. GM, Ford, Toyota, Volkswagen and other auto industry, leading enterprises have carried out industrial restructuring, eliminating gas-guzzling brands and products, to energy-saving and new energy vehicles as an enterprise product development a top priority; automobile market hybrid cars to become hot sale, RC107 Toyota's hybrid cars as new car sales champions; technology research, General Motors, Toyota, Volkswagen and other vehicle companies and Sanyo, Toshiba, Samsung and other electronics companies formed a coalition of electric vehicles work together to research the key to new energy vehicles technology; market applications, the Shanghai Volkswagen Passat hydrogen fuel cell area and Chang'an Jie Xun hybrid has been successfully providing services for the 2008 Olympic Games.

Is not just companies compete for opportunities of new energy vehicles. Local governments in planning not far behind. March 13, 2009, Beijing set up the first new energy automotive industry alliance, and began construction industrial base, Chongqing, Jilin and other publicly stated plans to build similar alliances and bases, Shenzhen, Hubei, Anhui and other places also indicated that local automobile enterprises (BYD, Dongfeng, Chery) as the main body, the establishment of new energy vehicles Union and the industrial base.

Are numerous historical experience shows that technological change and innovation is the driving force of social development. Y9943 Technology, no matter how advanced, the end, only to adapt to the market in order to win. History of the development from cars, to the emergence of Internet technology, a good business without than in product innovation, marketing, service, keeping up with market pace, to meet the market demand.

As the market environment changes, more emerging forces will be more flexible way to join this new energy vehicles in the competitive high ground of the chase. In the real market is not hot circumstances, the Guangzhou Motor Show is still on display a lot of new energy concept cars and the upcoming production of new energy vehicles, and attracting a wide range of concerns, indicating the major manufacturers making consumers spend much cultivation, together the market big expectation.

This competition for new energy vehicles, not the end-market demand for launch, but the final maturity will continue to return to the market as measured by the standard lines. Automobile enterprise is able to successfully shift the concept of applications and services, to offer more competitive new products, provide perfect after-sales service, more flexible business response capacity, more powerful brand of tension, etc., will be determine whether the this new transformation to obtain the necessary elements of a place. In this way, eventually to develop a more standardized and marketization of the new energy vehicle market, benign China's auto market continued long-term success and viability. While new energy sources has been Inspiron 640m recognized as the general direction of the automotive industry, but a large number of early stage R & D investment, the uncertain policy direction of technological development, business competition in the market will continue to be fierce and cruel.

New Energy: New energy development will be the main trends in the long-term

New Energy: New energy development will be the main trends in the long-term

November 25, Premier Wen Jiabao chaired a State Council Laptop Battery executive meeting to study the deployment of climate change should be formulated by 2020, China's action to control greenhouse gas emissions targets and to propose appropriate policy measures and actions; We believe that the emission standards for promotion and the development of new energy vehicles is an inevitable trend, while solar, wind and nuclear energy, alternative energy sources will also be sustained and rapid development.

Far-reaching significance of this meeting to lay the main theme of the new energy development. The meeting coincides with "the Copenhagen meeting" early convening of the meeting once again to the world the Chinese government's principle on the issue of climate change position and put forward China's actions to control greenhouse gas emissions targets 312-0393 and significant.

Emphasized that the Chinese government "has always attached importance to climate change issues, and actively promote energy-saving emission reduction" principled stand.

As is currently the fastest growing major economies and the future of the largest carbon emitters, the Chinese government's attitude to climate change has been of broad interest, the meeting pointed out that President Hu Jintao at the recent UN climate change summit that China's principled position, adhere to the "United Nations Framework Convention on cars Change" and the "Kyoto Protocol" clearly put forward to address climate change will take significant measures, Premier Wen dell laptop battery Jiabao will attend the Copenhagen meeting, the Chinese Government's position clear.

The meeting was first proposed in 2020 China to control greenhouse gas emissions for action. The meeting that "by 2020, carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP than in 2005, down 40% -45%, non-fossil energy accounts for the proportion of primary energy consumption reached about 15% of the forest area more than in 2005 40 million hectares, forest accumulation than in 2005 1.3 billion cubic meters ", which is China's first officially announced the long-term emission reduction targets planning.

Follow-up policy may be gradually introduced, by promoting the development of related industries. Session as the unit of GDP binding emission targets into their national economic and social development and long-term planning and to develop appropriate national statistics, monitoring, assessment methods, and we expect to follow specific policies will be introduced cameras YD626 after the meeting in Copenhagen; the automotive industry as an important Emissions sources (accounting for 15.9% of global carbon emissions), the impact on the overall emission targets significantly, we believe that emission standards for promotion and development of new energy vehicles will by the State Government attaches importance to the same time, solar, wind and other renewable energy sources and nuclear power to open access to development opportunities will be .

Investment strategies and companies choose. In the field of new MM165 energy vehicles, and we continue to be optimistic Shanghai Auto and BYD Auto, related spare parts and raw materials companies, including Jiangsu Guotai, Shanshangufen, Tibet mining, CITIC Guoan, etc.; vehicle emissions upgrade trend is a clear, Weifu Hi-tech will be vehicle emission standards to upgrade the biggest beneficiaries; solar energy field in which we continue to recommend changes and expand the New Tianwei security can be.

Risk Tip: concrete policies and concrete measures to launch a strong uncertainty in the short term, related to the business of listed companies is less Latitude D830 stimulating.

Merchants in the selection of aspiring small-cap fund managers, Zhou Xin: optimistic about investment opportunities in low-carbon economy

Merchants in the selection of aspiring small-cap fund managers, Zhou Xin: optimistic about investment opportunities in low-carbon economy

Merchants are being issued in the aspiring small-cap fund managers, Zhou Xin, that covers the new low-carbon energy Inspiron 8600 economy is expected to be a new fund to plate the next area of focus. Immediate clean coal stocks covered by relatively clear, so speculation has been relatively high, which may choose to stock less. The building energy-saving and clean automotive technology related to industrial chain broader, relatively more investment opportunities. Building energy conservation, including energy-saving building materials, energy-saving windows and doors, heating and energy-saving air-conditioning, in areas such as energy-efficient lighting and appliances.

As for the clean vehicle technologies, Zhou Xin introduced, and now electric vehicle technology, there are two major directions: Ni-MH battery with the 8N544 lithium iron phosphate batteries. Ni-MH battery is expected to last two years will be doing so well. Although this battery build capacity, charge cycles, etc. less than the lithium iron phosphate batteries, but the technology is mature, low cost, will become the market mainstream of development.

A low-carbon economy, including the environmental protection industry, energy industry, emission reduction, clean energy four areas. The environmental protection industry mainly include sewage treatment, waste disposal fixed; energy-saving industries, including industrial energy conservation, such as waste heat recovery power generation, process improvement and energy-saving materials, including building energy-efficient, intelligent buildings, energy-saving appliances, energy-saving materials and Inspiron 8500 energy-efficient lighting; I closed reduction, including waste heat, waste heat cycle and waste heat power generation; clean energy, including new energy, wind, solar, geothermal, tidal, biomass, also including clean energy, hydropower, nuclear power, etc., but also including energy transmission, For example high pressure, high pressure and the resulting rise to intelligent network services, new energy, electric cars are also a kind of alternative energy sources.

In the low-carbon economy, the other non-building energy-efficient industries, and smart grid, the prospects are very bright, and his relatively cautious on wind Latitude D800 energy.

Of electricity storage: power battery-powered electric vehicles

Of electricity storage: power battery-powered electric vehicles

People who frequently travel on the aircraft may have found that starting this year lithium battery dell laptop battery backup of electronic products can no longer be checked, but must carry, it is mainly to prevent the lithium battery short-circuit caused the fire. In fact, the lithium battery is not as unsafe as it seems the surface, it may even become the next most important vehicle power batteries.

Power battery to be research

There are a variety of new energy vehicles by category, but according to the most stringent standards, only a pure electric vehicle is the full sense of the new energy vehicles. At present, the main driving force of new sources of energy vehicles, including nickel-hydrogen batteries, fuel cells and lithium-iron batteries, lithium batteries and the iron has been the industry's recognized as Laptop Battery a motive power in the most promising direction of development.

At present, China can produce power with the lithium iron phosphate battery manufacturers are not many, in addition to the famous BYD, there Tianjin power of God, Vientiane Group, CITIC Guoan, among others. Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics, Huang Xue-Jie told reporters: "ability to develop a more cost-effective, more reliable electric cars lithium battery is an important prerequisite for large-scale commercial ability, as lithium iron phosphate battery good security. However, iron phosphate Lithium phosphate batteries accounted for 80% of the cost of the battery, this is still not made. "

It is understood that China's major iron phosphate KD476 lithium battery energy density can reach 80Wh/kg, close to the international advanced level. National Development and Reform Commission automobile Expert Group, the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers Executive Vice President and Secretary-General Chang Shu-lin told reporters, "Our power battery development objective is to lower costs by 2020 two-thirds of the energy density more than double . "

Nanchang FRIEND Technology Co., Ltd. has launched a A-level pure electric cars, charging a mileage of 180 to 220 kilometers per hour about 90 km / hour battery life about 25 thousand kilometers. Nanchang FRIEND Operating Officer weeks LU Qing told reporters: "The price of the car about 18 million, if taking into account national and local subsidies, consumer price actually paid about 60,000 yuan. The biggest piece of the cost of car is the battery, the battery cost is about 6-70000 yuan. "

Full sail ahead of Electric Vehicles

Although the lithium iron phosphate batteries are still expensive, and other industrial problems, but the electric car industry has not remained pending,GD761 the current domestic enterprises in the electric vehicle power management, motor control, spends much ink on the field.

Nanchang FRIEND Operating Officer weeks LU Qing told reporters: "Our cars have a self-developed power management and motor control technology, now is certified through the United States, we have car exports to the U.S. cost about 10 yuan / vehicle. "

In addition, the Nanchang University in Jiangxi Province under the Innovation and Technology Development Co., Ltd. Tai Cheong has been dedicated to electric vehicles, power modules, research and industrialization, the current power management systems, motor control systems, super capacitors and other key technologies to achieve a breakthrough. Public information, Nanchang University and Jiangxi Changhe Automobile Co., Ltd. based on the Changhe Ideal II's new co-developed the model of Inspiron E1505 pure electric vehicles, have complete independent intellectual property rights, has now entered the industrialization stage.

A staff member of the company told reporters, "Chang major innovation in electric vehicles, power modules, industrialization began in October of this year, now has an auto enterprises in Jiangxi reached a preliminary letter of intent from the major innovation to the businesses Cheong Electric automotive power modules for the production of electric vehicles. "

However, lithium iron phosphate battery giant BYD Liu, senior director of the right of the right balance between technology and the market has a more sober understanding. He told reporters: "I personally believe that for the electric car, the business model is more important than the battery technology."

At present, the domestic operating model of pure electric cars is still not clear, a rare charging station outlets, charge the way the industry Inspiron 6400 and replacement batteries for fast charging mode has its own supporters. Pure electric vehicles operating mode restricting the electric car will probably be a major bottleneck in the development.

Low-carbon economy: Market to shake hands with the government here,

Low-carbon economy: Market to shake hands with the government here,

The invisible hand of the market and the visible hand of the government seems to have been one of the Laptop Battery economic life of contradictions, but in this particular field of low-carbon economy, which has two hands should be tightly together.

Whether to generate clean electricity of photovoltaic power generation, or high-capacity lithium-ion batteries store electricity, field, or the efficient use of electricity, LED area, in the existing conditions, the market's hand function and can not be a good play, even to some extent, the hand of the market will hinder the development of these emerging low-carbon industries. And if the right hand of the government can be used, hand of the market will be in the right direction to play a greater role.

At present, the photovoltaic power generation 312-0292 costs are still much higher than conventional sources of energy generation; with battery technology as the core of pure electric vehicle market in the future operating mode delay uncertain; LED into the homes of ordinary people in sight. All this can not be in the short term through the hand of the market to be resolved. However, we have not have much time, the advanced countries already have comprehensive technical advantages, developing countries bear the enormous pressure of carbon dioxide emission reduction obligations prompted us to not wait for the natural maturity of these markets.

Ford has worked in the Shanghai Grand County Automation System Engineering Co., Ltd. Xu Xing Yue, general manager has a clear understanding of this, he thought that dell laptop battery lithium iron phosphate batteries as the main driving force of the electric car will be in the next 3 to 5 years into the golden period of development, but the As the current market size is too small, and many companies within the industry can not be faster to achieve cost rationalization, and the only reasonable and realistic way "by the government to help businesses expand their market and reduce costs."

This call is not from his one people, and not only from the power battery industry. PV enterprises are looking forward to the provinces PV electricity price determination; LED lighting industry, who has even the Government as Yishifumu business, because so far the most important application of LED lighting Inspiron 2200 industry is still mainly based on municipal engineering the field of architectural lighting.

Clearly, the urgent development of low-carbon economy industries are urgently requires a visible hand onto one of the. However, this is not to collect hands stretched, to ensure the health of the industrial structure also need a reasonable adjustment policy. In this blind impulse of development, the government's visible hand is easy to lose control of the direction of the remaining tough and only the driving force, and this brute-force the future of low-carbon economy would be seriously overdrawn great potential for development.

Not long ago, Development and Reform Commission announced overcapacity in the Inspiron 1000 industry, wind power equipment is out there, polycrystalline silicon, the new low-carbon energy industry. In fact do not have excess capacity polysilicon industry, but rather irrational industrial structure, resulting in low excess capacity. LDK CEO Xiaofeng Peng told reporters that 80% of the high-end solar products also rely on imports. If there is no orderly planning and control, local duplication is inevitable.

Pure electric vehicles, for example, some local governments even low-end electric vehicles as electric vehicles for development. In response, the State Development and Reform Commission Zhang Shulin vehicle team leader, said: "As China's current development strategy of electric vehicles is not clear, some lack of complementary policies led to a number of local blind development."

All walks of life in low-carbon economy, the government's constructive role in the visible hand has become the consensus of the people. Only when the TD347 visible hand and invisible hand of the closely-grip, low-carbon economy and its various sub-sectors is possible to achieve a decisive success.

2009-2012 Analysis of mobile phone battery industry, development prospects and investment risk prediction report

2009-2012 Analysis of mobile phone battery industry, development prospects and investment risk prediction report

2009-2012 years, the development prospects of mobile phone battery Laptop Battery industry analysis and investment risk forecasts, China's battery companies a total of 1017, the vast majority concentrated in the Guangdong province, other provinces and cities of battery manufacturers are few and most manufacturers produce both mobile phone battery cells also produce other products. In addition, despite the small number of Chinese enterprises with foreign cells, but its total profit is the highest among all enterprises. Foreign mobile phone battery capacity of strong corporate earnings, while the profitability of local enterprises to be improved. With China's lithium-ion battery technology to mature, the global lithium-ion batteries in China began to shift. Foreign-funded enterprises have to adjust its global strategy to China as the focus of its global mobile phone battery production base.

The world's leading mobile phone battery Sanyo Electric Company in Beijing, Tianjin, Panasonic, Sony in Wuxi to establish their own production base in Presario NX9010 South Korea only to open the battery into the Fujian, the U.S. investment in the power plant g in Xianyang, China's lithium-ion battery industry, the cost of the main advantages of have been gradually eroded, domestic battery with low price as the small business market, the main direction, industrial R & D investment intensity of weak changes in the status quo as soon as possible. Mobile phone battery manufacturers of China's major distribution and production capacity are relatively concentrated, mainly in South China Shenzhen BYD, BAK, Shenzhen, Huizhou TCL, Huizhou Desai, energy, new energy, Dongguan, Shenzhen B & K and so on, mainly in North China, Tianjin power of God, Harbin Guangyu, Presario 2500(compaq 2500 battery) Henan Huanyu, etc. There are in Xiamen, East China Baolong, Shanghai Panshi, Fujian Scud and so on, a total of more than 30 large scale of mobile phone battery manufacturers, accounting for the majority of China's mobile phone battery industry capacity, in addition, other small-factory is hand - are just countless. Concentration of Longgang District, Shenzhen, BYD Co., Ltd., confidant group, BAK Battery Co., Ltd., well-known lithium battery manufacturers become the largest mobile phone Li-ion battery production and export base. From the ownership point of view, China's lithium-ion battery production enterprises mainly foreign-funded enterprises, state-owned enterprises and collective enterprises in the industry as a whole accounted for a very small proportion. Size from a technical point of view, China's lithium battery technology and products are close to advanced world standards, the size of further expansion of BYD in Shenzhen and Tianjin power of God is to enter the international top ten of the column. The next few years, with BYD, BAK, B & K, force God, Universal, Guangyu the continued expansion of Presario 2100(compaq 2100) production scale, China's lithium-ion battery industry will maintain a very high average annual growth rate. China's mobile phone can monitor the market sold more than 150 million, the actual sales of close to 200 million, the total number of mobile phone users in China has more than 600 million. With a cell phone to configure two batteries, China's mobile phone battery has annual sales of more than 298.26 million, the general mobile phone battery, the average price of 90 yuan, the Chinese mobile phone battery industry, with annual sales of about 270 billion yuan. An average annual growth rate of 20%, is estimated by 2013 China's mobile phone battery market will reach sales of more than 700 billion yuan. China is a big power consumption of mobile phones, mobile phone battery consumption is also increasing every year. And because cell phone features a strong, quality requirements of mobile phone batteries are growing, super-capacity, long battery 319411-001 standby time, and become the new darling of mobile phone battery products.

In 2009, in the user security awareness rising trend of domestic brand, the battery will be subject to market of all ages. In this study a large number of thorough consultation report on the basis of market research are mainly based on the National Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Commerce, the State Industry and Information Technology Ministry of China Battery Industry Association, China's trade research network, domestic and foreign-related magazine publications, as well as basic information mobile phone battery and other public research institutions and provided large amounts of data, combined with research in Price Waterhouse's battery-related businesses on the mobile phone field surveys on China's mobile phone battery status and prospects of development of the industry, market F4812A competition and the situation, profitability and business development, investment strategy and risks of early warning, development trends and planning proposals, such as an in-depth research and focused on analyzing the prospects for mobile phone battery industry and risk. The report reveals the potential of the mobile phone battery market demand and potential opportunities for strategic investors to choose the right investment opportunities and corporate leaders to do strategic planning to provide accurate market intelligence information and F4098A, F4809A scientific decision-making basis, while bank credit departments also have great reference value.

World Renewable Energy Committee Chairman Interview (b)

World Renewable Energy Committee Chairman Interview (b)

■ Chinese Characteristics --

The Chinese government's full support to work closely with civil appeal echoed to promote renewable Laptop Battery energy in China lead world growth rate.

Reporter: According to what you know, the world, which countries or regions in the use of renewable energy sources has the more prominent achievements? Their experiences which draw on China's significance?

Dr. Paltz: 5 years ago, Germany in wind, solar, bio-energy and other renewable energy development in the area was once the world. But now catching up with newcomer China, production capacity has exceeded that of Germany.

In China, the first thing I see is the Government to vigorously implement the new energy policy. China is second only to Germany's world, the second to the use of renewable energy development legislation in the country. Since 2006, the Chinese government for the new energy and renewable energy development policy, financial and economic have given great Omnibook XT1000 support.

Can not be overlooked is that China's non-governmental forces in this area also played a significant role. Chinese people feel that they need for renewable energy development, there are many areas of life are in the development and use of this new approach to energy. Therefore, renewable energy development in China is not only a top-down implementation, but also civil society as well as local residents are also bottom-up expression of this appeal.

As for the experience, and no one inherently has a certain experience. This is a new energy, there is a new development law. To economic development is also a new kind of boost power. One very important point is to give the community the development of new energy industry and create a lot of job opportunities. Pavilion ZT1100 China should be in all aspects of the development of new energy sources.

Reporter: Do you think in an international context, the field of renewable energy development What are the problems?

Dr. Paltz: Renewable energy in the most serious misconception is that there are technological obstacles. Currently in the world, renewable energy applications is full of vigor and vitality. Promotion is also non-existent technical problems, the current wind and solar photovoltaic technology is relatively mature. The application of the difficulties, mainly cost. However, if through the scale, resulting in economies of scale, the costs will be significantly reduced, thus much easier to promote them.

■ Looking to the future --

Held fast to the market law, attach importance to international cooperation in the development of China's oil Pavilion XZ200 companies and shoulder social responsibility mission and the national strategic interests, an energy revolution in the new world in the long way to go.

Reporter: China's renewable energy future, can you give some suggestions?

Dr. Paltz: First, we should be clear that renewable energy is the future trend of development. Now is not difficult to see that the development costs of traditional energy sources become increasingly expensive, while the cost of developing new energy sources become increasingly expensive. Renewable energy prices in the future we should be all the way down. Since this energy is stable, inexpensive, why not use it, not ring true trend of the times, but to do the opposite then? The law of market competition will make renewable energy more and more welcomed by the society. The Chinese government in the future, energy development plans should also give priority to the development of new energy and renewable energy. I support the Chinese Government's current practice.

Secondly, we should attach importance to the energy field of international exchanges and cooperation. For example, natural gas imports, I very much support the Chinese Pavilion ZT1000 government is now doing the work. The world's oil resources and the distribution of natural gas resources is uneven. To strengthen international cooperation and exchanges, can build a win-win situation, ultimately beneficial to the development of human society. At the same time, China is a big country capacity, but also the energy-power. Input of energy from abroad, not only to meet the energy needs of the community, but also for development of renewable energy to gain time advantage for the promotion of the financial crisis of the global economic recovery and to a certain extent to solve the employment problem, but also play no small role.

Third, China's oil and natural gas development is promising, but the development of renewable energy sources the government also needs more attention. China's current energy consumption structure, coal accounted for nearly 70%, then there are oil, gas, and hydropower. Natural gas and oil are non-renewable fuels, and the use of these fuels into the atmosphere each year Breath billions of tons of CO2. Therefore, in the world is concerned, in the adjustment of economic structure involves a question of the relationship between F3172A mankind, is to develop low-carbon economy, providing low-carbon energy. China's energy use is now mainly coal, and coal use the main problem is to clean. Therefore, clean coal technology in China should also be taken seriously.

Fourthly, with regard to the development of nuclear energy in the world that there is dispute. Leakage incident at Chernobyl in 1986 brought an unprecedented catastrophe to mankind, also shows that development of this energy source there is a big risk.

Reporter: For the traditional energy sources such as the China National Petroleum Company, in the future, the use of renewable energy development opportunity you have any suggestions?

Dr. Paltz: Yesterday I met in a hotel in Beijing to participate in several wind energy research conference in Baku, the oil experts, and discussed with them to energy development issues. We know that the Republic of Azerbaijan capital of Baku is the history of the world's oil major oil base, the world's oil industry was started from Baku. Since then, Baku, has been the F2299A "oil city" known for. I have learned to talk with them, Baku now also focus on renewable energy development, wind, solar, hydroelectric and other areas for investment.

For the development of an enterprise, the resources, technology, capital and human resources support for all aspects of complex factors are very important. We have to look long term, because some things may now be more expensive costs for enterprises willing to invest, but in the future will become the core needs of society.

The opportunity exists, we must seize the opportunity. Enterprises should be diversified energy investments, and should not put all of them are concentrated in a single energy. In addition to oil and gas, but also can develop a variety of new energy industrial chain. Presario NX9000 Not only to focus on domestic market, because China's large population, resources are limited. The vast overseas market business leaders should be the focus of development planning business in the new period.

World Renewable Energy Committee Chairman Interview (b)

World Renewable Energy Committee Chairman Interview (b)

■ Chinese Characteristics --

The Chinese government's full support to work closely with civil appeal echoed to promote renewable Laptop Battery energy in China lead world growth rate.

Reporter: According to what you know, the world, which countries or regions in the use of renewable energy sources has the more prominent achievements? Their experiences which draw on China's significance?

Dr. Paltz: 5 years ago, Germany in wind, solar, bio-energy and other renewable energy development in the area was once the world. But now catching up with newcomer China, production capacity has exceeded that of Germany.

In China, the first thing I see is the Government to vigorously implement the new energy policy. China is second only to Germany's world, the second to the use of renewable energy development legislation in the country. Since 2006, the Chinese government for the new energy and renewable energy development policy, financial and economic have given great Omnibook XT1000 support.

Can not be overlooked is that China's non-governmental forces in this area also played a significant role. Chinese people feel that they need for renewable energy development, there are many areas of life are in the development and use of this new approach to energy. Therefore, renewable energy development in China is not only a top-down implementation, but also civil society as well as local residents are also bottom-up expression of this appeal.

As for the experience, and no one inherently has a certain experience. This is a new energy, there is a new development law. To economic development is also a new kind of boost power. One very important point is to give the community the development of new energy industry and create a lot of job opportunities. Pavilion ZT1100 China should be in all aspects of the development of new energy sources.

Reporter: Do you think in an international context, the field of renewable energy development What are the problems?

Dr. Paltz: Renewable energy in the most serious misconception is that there are technological obstacles. Currently in the world, renewable energy applications is full of vigor and vitality. Promotion is also non-existent technical problems, the current wind and solar photovoltaic technology is relatively mature. The application of the difficulties, mainly cost. However, if through the scale, resulting in economies of scale, the costs will be significantly reduced, thus much easier to promote them.

■ Looking to the future --

Held fast to the market law, attach importance to international cooperation in the development of China's oil Pavilion XZ200 companies and shoulder social responsibility mission and the national strategic interests, an energy revolution in the new world in the long way to go.

Reporter: China's renewable energy future, can you give some suggestions?

Dr. Paltz: First, we should be clear that renewable energy is the future trend of development. Now is not difficult to see that the development costs of traditional energy sources become increasingly expensive, while the cost of developing new energy sources become increasingly expensive. Renewable energy prices in the future we should be all the way down. Since this energy is stable, inexpensive, why not use it, not ring true trend of the times, but to do the opposite then? The law of market competition will make renewable energy more and more welcomed by the society. The Chinese government in the future, energy development plans should also give priority to the development of new energy and renewable energy. I support the Chinese Government's current practice.

Secondly, we should attach importance to the energy field of international exchanges and cooperation. For example, natural gas imports, I very much support the Chinese Pavilion ZT1000 government is now doing the work. The world's oil resources and the distribution of natural gas resources is uneven. To strengthen international cooperation and exchanges, can build a win-win situation, ultimately beneficial to the development of human society. At the same time, China is a big country capacity, but also the energy-power. Input of energy from abroad, not only to meet the energy needs of the community, but also for development of renewable energy to gain time advantage for the promotion of the financial crisis of the global economic recovery and to a certain extent to solve the employment problem, but also play no small role.

Third, China's oil and natural gas development is promising, but the development of renewable energy sources the government also needs more attention. China's current energy consumption structure, coal accounted for nearly 70%, then there are oil, gas, and hydropower. Natural gas and oil are non-renewable fuels, and the use of these fuels into the atmosphere each year Breath billions of tons of CO2. Therefore, in the world is concerned, in the adjustment of economic structure involves a question of the relationship between F3172A mankind, is to develop low-carbon economy, providing low-carbon energy. China's energy use is now mainly coal, and coal use the main problem is to clean. Therefore, clean coal technology in China should also be taken seriously.

Fourthly, with regard to the development of nuclear energy in the world that there is dispute. Leakage incident at Chernobyl in 1986 brought an unprecedented catastrophe to mankind, also shows that development of this energy source there is a big risk.

Reporter: For the traditional energy sources such as the China National Petroleum Company, in the future, the use of renewable energy development opportunity you have any suggestions?

Dr. Paltz: Yesterday I met in a hotel in Beijing to participate in several wind energy research conference in Baku, the oil experts, and discussed with them to energy development issues. We know that the Republic of Azerbaijan capital of Baku is the history of the world's oil major oil base, the world's oil industry was started from Baku. Since then, Baku, has been the F2299A "oil city" known for. I have learned to talk with them, Baku now also focus on renewable energy development, wind, solar, hydroelectric and other areas for investment.

For the development of an enterprise, the resources, technology, capital and human resources support for all aspects of complex factors are very important. We have to look long term, because some things may now be more expensive costs for enterprises willing to invest, but in the future will become the core needs of society.

The opportunity exists, we must seize the opportunity. Enterprises should be diversified energy investments, and should not put all of them are concentrated in a single energy. In addition to oil and gas, but also can develop a variety of new energy industrial chain. Presario NX9000 Not only to focus on domestic market, because China's large population, resources are limited. The vast overseas market business leaders should be the focus of development planning business in the new period.