Li-ion laptop battery basics (b)

Li-ion laptop battery basics (b)

Application Notes

The above-mentioned two kinds of lithium batteries is a disposable Laptop Battery battery, non-rechargeable (charge time is dangerous!); The battery is not short-circuit between anode and cathode; not be too large current discharge (more than the maximum discharge current discharge); battery until it ceases to discharge when the voltage should be electronic products removed in a timely manner; run out of battery is not squeezing, burning and demolition; can not exceed the prescribed temperature range of use.

As the lithium battery voltage is higher than ordinary batteries or nickel-cadmium batteries, make no mistake when used to avoid damage to the circuit. Through the familiar model of the CR, ER can know the type and rated voltage. In the purchase of new batteries, be sure to buy according to the original model, otherwise it will affect the performance of electronic products.

Rechargeable lithium batteries

Rechargeable lithium batteries There are many, such as lithium - vanadium oxide batteries, lithium-ion battery and abroad, a newly developed lithium - polymer batteries. Here describes only the first two, focusing on lithium-ion battery.

Rechargeable lithium-ion battery is currently the most widely used mobile phone battery, but it is more "finicky" in use can not overcharge, over-discharge pavilion dv6000(hp dv6000 battery) (may damage the battery or make it scrapped). Therefore, the protection of components or the battery protection circuitry to prevent damage to expensive batteries.

Lithium-ion battery charging very high, to ensure that the termination voltage is within 1% accuracy, at present the major semiconductor factory has developed a variety of lithium-ion battery charging IC, in order to ensure safe, reliable and fast charging.

Now phone is a very common part of the phone nickel-metal hydride batteries, but the smart phone type is a lithium-ion battery. The proper use of lithium-ion battery for extended battery life is very important.

1. Lithium - vanadium oxide batteries (Li-V6O13)

Lithium - lithium vanadium oxide 342661-001 batteries for the anode, vanadium oxide as cathode, inorganic salt electrolyte composed of organic solvent. It features can be charged. With 2 batteries, for example, the lithium - vanadium oxide battery and lithium - lithium manganese dioxide batteries, and - compared with thionyl chloride batteries as shown in table 5.

From Table 5 we can see, due to lithium - vanadium oxide batteries rated voltage of only 2.8V, and the rated capacity is also small, so when compared with other two kinds of lithium batteries, its specific energy is minimal. The main parameters of such cylindrical batteries as shown in Table 6. As can be seen from Table 6, the number of charge cycles (cycle life) is not long, so this rechargeable battery soon replaced by a lithium-ion batteries.

2. Lithium-ion battery (Li-Ion)

Lithium-ion battery is currently the most widely used lithium batteries, which according to different requirements of electronic products can be molded into a flat rectangular, cylindrical, rectangular, and button, and there are several cells in series with the composition of the battery pack.

Lithium-ion battery rated at 3.6V (some products are 3.7V). When fully charged the termination charge voltage and 345027-001 battery anode materials relate to: the anode material is graphite 4.2V; anode material for coke 4.1V. Resistance of different anode materials are also different, slightly larger internal resistance of coke anode and the discharge curve is also slightly different, as shown in Figure 1. Commonly referred to as 4.1V and 4.2V Li-ion battery Lithium-ion batteries. The termination of lithium-ion battery discharge voltage 2.5V ~ 2.75V (battery factory operating voltage range is given, or given the termination of the discharge voltage, the parameters slightly different). Less than the termination of discharge voltage to continue to discharge known as the over-discharge, over-discharge of the battery will be damaged.

Lithium-ion batteries are not suitable for high-current discharge, over-current discharge will reduce the discharge time (internal temperature will produce a higher loss of energy). Therefore, the battery manufacturing plant gives maximum discharge current, in use should be less than the maximum discharge current.

Lithium-ion batteries have certain requirements on the temperature of the factory give the charging temperature range, discharge temperature range and the preservation temperature range.

Lithium-ion battery on the charge requirement is very high, it requires sophisticated charging circuit in order to ensure the safety of charge. Termination tolerance for the rated charge voltage accuracy of ± 1% (for example, 4.2V rechargeable PP2182L lithium-ion batteries, its tolerance of ± 0.042V), over-voltage rechargeable lithium-ion battery can cause permanent damage. Lithium-ion battery charge current should be based on the battery manufacturer's recommendations and demand for a limited flow of the circuit in order to avoid over-current (overheating). Commonly charge rate 0.25C ~ 1C (C is the battery capacity, such as the C = 800mAh, 1C charge rate of the charge current is 800mA). In the high current charge, often to detect the battery temperature to prevent overheating damage to the battery or produce an explosion.

Li-ion laptop battery basics (a)

Li-ion laptop battery basics (a)

Portable electronic products to the battery as a power supply. With the rapid development of portable products, all kinds of greatly increased battery Laptop Battery usage, and has developed many new battery. In addition we are familiar with high-performance alkaline batteries, rechargeable nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, there is in recent years, the development of lithium batteries. This article introduces the basic knowledge related to lithium batteries. This includes its characteristics, the main parameters, models of meaning, application and use for attention.

Lithium is a metallic element, its chemical symbol Li (its English name lithium), is a silvery white, very soft, lively and chemical properties of metal, the metal is the lightest. In addition to its application outside the atomic energy industry, can produce special alloys, special glass (TV screen glass used), and lithium batteries. In lithium batteries use it as a battery anode.

Lithium batteries are also divided into two categories: non-rechargeable and rechargeable types. Non-rechargeable battery known as the disposable batteries, it can only be a one-time chemical energy into electrical energy, electrical energy can not be restored back to chemical energy (or restore the performance of poor). The rechargeable battery is called secondary batteries (also known as batteries). It would be chemical energy into electrical energy stored in the use of time, and then convert chemical energy into electrical energy, which is reversible, such as chemical energy lithium batteries power the main features.

Smart portable electronics products require Pavilion dv9000(hp dv9000 battery) light weight and size of filial piety, but the battery size and weight compared with other electronic components are often the largest and most heavy. For example, I remember when the "Big Brother" is very "thick, heavy," while today's cell phone is so light. One improvement is the battery played a significant role: in the past is a nickel-cadmium batteries, lithium-ion batteries are now.

The biggest characteristic of lithium batteries is higher than the energy. What is the specific energy then? Refers to the specific energy per unit weight or unit volume of energy. With the specific energy Wh / kg or Wh / L to represent. Wh is a unit of energy, W is watts, h is the hours; kg is 1000 grams (weight units), L is liters (volume units). To give an example to illustrate: 5, nickel-cadmium batteries are rated at 1  2V, its capacity is 800mAh, then its energy is 0  96Wh (1  2V × 0  8Ah). 5, the same size Lithium - Manganese Dioxide battery rated at 3V, its capacity is 1200mAh, then its energy is 3  6Wh. Both the battery size is the same, then the lithium - manganese dioxide battery is a nickel-cadmium battery specific energy of 375 times!

1 5 nickel-cadmium batteries, weighing about 23g, while a 5 Lithium - Manganese Dioxide Battery weighs about 18g. 1 Lithium - Manganese Dioxide battery 3V, while the two nickel-cadmium battery only 2  4V. Therefore, when the battery using a small number of lithium battery (to reduce size of portable electronic products to reduce the weight of filial piety), and long battery operating life.

In addition, the lithium battery with a discharge voltage stability, operating temperature range, self-discharge rate is low, storage, long life, no memory effect and pollution-free and so on.

The drawback is that lithium batteries are expensive, so it is not yet widely used, mainly used in handheld computers, PDA, communications equipment, 396008-001 cameras, satellites, missiles, torpedoes, equipment and so on. Along with technological development, process improvement and production increase in the price of lithium batteries will continue to decline, applications will be more common.

Non-rechargeable lithium batteries

Non-rechargeable lithium batteries have a variety of currently used are lithium - manganese dioxide batteries, lithium - thionyl chloride batteries and lithium batteries and other compounds. This article describes only the first two of the most commonly used.

1, lithium - manganese dioxide batteries (Li  MnO2)

Lithium - Manganese Dioxide Lithium battery is a kind of anode to manganese dioxide as cathode, and a one-time use of organic electrolyte batteries. The main characteristics of the battery cell voltage is high, rated voltage of 3V (an ordinary alkaline batteries 2 times); the termination of the discharge voltage of 2V; than the energy of large (see above examples); discharge voltage is stable and reliable; a good storage properties (storage time 3 years), self-discharge rate is low (annual self-discharge rate ≤ 2%); Operating temperature range -20 ℃ ~ +60 ℃.

The battery can be made into a different shape to meet different requirements, it has a rectangular, cylindrical and button-shaped (button). There are also different cylindrical diameter and height measurements. Here are all the more 395789-001 familiar one # (size of the code D), 2 # (size of Code C) and 5 # (size of the code AA) batteries main parameters.

CR is expressed as cylindrical lithium - manganese dioxide battery; five figures, the first two that the diameter of the battery, the latter three, said with a decimal level. For example, CR14505, whose diameter is 14mm, height of 50  5mm (this model is generic).

Here we must point out that the same plant are different types of batteries may be some differences in their parameters. In addition, the standard discharge current value is smaller, the actual discharge current can be larger than the standard discharge current, and the continuous discharge and pulse discharge permit discharge current is different from the battery plant to provide relevant data. For example, Li Hing power produced by CR14505 gives maximum continuous discharge current of 1000mA, maximum pulse discharge current up to 2500mA.

The camera using lithium batteries are mostly lithium - manganese dioxide battery. Here the camera commonly used in lithium - manganese dioxide battery included in Table 2, for reference.

Button type (button) batteries smaller, its diameter is 12  5 ~ 24  5mm, a height of 1  6 ~ 5  0mm. Several more commonly used button batteries as shown in Table 3.

CR for the cylindrical lithium - manganese dioxide battery, the last four digits in the first two for the diameter size of the HSTNN-DB20 battery, the latter two with a decimal point for the height measurements. For example, CR1220 diameter of 12  5mm (not including the number after the decimal point), its height is 2  0mm. This model that is universal.

This button batteries commonly used in clock, calculator, electronic notebook, cameras, hearing aids, electronic games, IC cards, backup power supplies.

2, lithium - thionyl chloride batteries (Li  SOCl2)

Lithium - thionyl chloride battery is the highest specific energy of a current can be achieved 500Wh/kg or 1000Wh / L level. Its rated voltage is 3  6V, medium-current discharge with a very flat discharge characteristics of 3  4V (available at 90% of capacity to discharge within the flat to keep small change). The battery can be -40 ℃ ~ +85 ℃, within the scope of work, but in -40 ℃ ambient temperature when the volume capacity of about 50%. Self-discharge rate is low (annual self-discharge rate ≤ 1%), storage life of up to 10 years.

With a # (size of the code D) nickel-cadmium batteries and 1 # lithium - thionyl chloride battery than the energy to make a comparison: 1 # nickel-cadmium batteries are rated at 1  2V, a capacity of 5000mAh; 1 # lithium - Asia Sulfur chloride rated voltage of 3  6V, capacity 10000mAh, the latter than six times more energy than in the former Pavilion dv8000(hp dv8000 battery) Great!

Toshiba notebook battery life should be how to extend?

Toshiba notebook battery life should be how to extend?

Just purchased a Toshiba notebook computer, why is not more than the FPCBP95 battery can only use half an hour, for this reason that in the end because of poor quality or a Toshiba laptop battery Toshiba laptop battery Toshiba notebook is too small or particularly large power consumption which components do?

With the price reduction and configuration to improve, many friends for their purchase of Toshiba notebook computers. Bought a Toshiba laptop, I do not know what should be the initial use.

Let me first say that in everyone's impression that any Toshiba laptop battery life are all there, and Toshiba notebook battery life, but according to charge and discharge cycles to be calculated. But many people are not fully aware of this issue, coupled with a general Toshiba laptop battery charge and discharge is also the number of at least 500 times or so, so many of my friends FPCBP63 think that Toshiba laptop battery life which is about two years.

Toshiba laptop battery even if not, there will be self-discharge phenomenon occurred, once the place for too long, Toshiba notebook appears excessive discharge situation. Once this level, I am afraid that a lot of Toshiba laptop battery can not be recharged with power have, and, hey Toshiba laptop batteries, a few will come to an end the useless.



In other words, even if your FPCBP68 Toshiba laptop battery a long time do not use, nor capable stood, preferably a period of time to conduct a charge and discharge, in order to maintain the Toshiba laptop battery "state." However, because Toshiba notebook Lithium-Ion battery itself has some memory effect (generally say that Lithium-Ion battery without memory effect is wrong, lithium power companies actually have memory effect, only a very small only), preferably within the first Toshiba laptop battery power runs out, and then for charging, such an effect would be better. Of course, the best control the charging time of 12 hours, or excessive charging will lead to a reduction of Toshiba notebook battery life.

So after a long period after use, how to judge their own Toshiba laptop battery is also a normal job? In fact, it is not hard, said FPCBP77 Toshiba laptop batteries in general will increase with the frequency of use, gradual reduction in working time is short, once the Toshiba laptop battery life up to less than half the nominal use of time, or use a long time to instability when the short time you have to be vigilant, because your Toshiba notebook computer batteries may have come to the end of life, the best FPCBP80 preparation ahead of a danger.

Alliance to build the world's largest base of single cells

Alliance to build the world's largest base of single cells

Sichuan "Mustang" I would like electric cars become a "dark horse"

The world's largest single power-class solid-state polymer battery production base settled in Chengdu PCGA-BP4V laptop battery Shuangliu. At yesterday's Cibaud exhibition games, Sichuan Automobile Industry Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Mustangs"), executive vice president of CAO Guodong told reporters present, the company has participated in Beijing Shenzhou New Energy Technology Giant Power Development Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Divine giant Electric ") of lithium battery production base project. The total investment 9 billion yuan, annual output of 300,000 battery AH, will be the world's largest single solid-state polymer battery production base.

The popularity of Mustang Mini-Electric Bus

Increasingly popular in the global automotive industry, electric vehicle discussions, Mustang cars to catch up with the same trend. At yesterday's Western Fair Mustang Auto Show field, modeling and well-behaved mini-Mustang electric car by merchants Laptop Battery laptop battery and the public green

Gaze.

Mustang automobile executive vice president of CAO Guodong introduced Mustang at the focus in this Cibaud show mini-electric vehicles, electric buses, electric cars and other SUV several pure electric vehicles, this is five years, Mustang dedicated to the research results of new energy power .

In addition to corporate structure changes, Mustang cars also actively cooperate with the outside world, and intense manner. Mustang and foreign technical force a direct result of cooperation embodied in the electric passenger vehicles. CAO Guodong said it has already created 11-meter-long bus, quasi-containing 75 people, you can limit the actual capacity to 120 people, PCGA-BP2V laptop battery power, compared with similar electric buses have been a great change, and the traditional bus power system has been little difference.

Mustang electric bus has also set out in the market more attractive prices, lower than the general power the 50 million passenger cars

Price advantage at this Cibaud conference attracted a number of government and the PCGA-BP2R laptop battery bus company. CAO Guodong introduction, in addition to the Chengdu Municipal Government to support the purchase of 10 buses as a pilot city buses, the Mianyang, Xichang also showed interested in buying. In addition, this Cibaud conference, Dalian Development Zone, has signed a 20 electric buses purchase intention, Jiangxi, Shenzhen and some local bus companies have also demonstrated a purchase intention, Myanmar also interested in the introduction of electric buses, and will be 20, signed the first contract.

Shenzhou giant to build the largest battery electric lead Shuangliu base

Electric vehicle power issue has been PCGA-BP2T laptop battery well received by the industry doubt that a lot of electric car companies to break through technical problems, the key focus on kinetic energy to solve the battery and tried to occupy the battery supply to the industry early head start. In the context of shift in strategic focus, the Broncos to seek co-operation with the battery suppliers, and

This as a key to the success of its strategy.

According to CAO Guodong said the company has been involved in the construction of a cast Shuangliu battery production base construction. This project is a giant electricity from Beijing Shenzhou Shuangliu county signed an agreement with a total investment of 9 billion yuan, annual output of 300,000 AH, is the world's largest single power-class solid-state polymer battery production base. Companies to invest in accordance with the composition of Shenzhou giant electricity, Mustang car, Shuangliu county government and strategic investors, joint venture, to China in the main PCGA-BP2S laptop battery electricity giant.

Vice Chairman of Divine power giant, CEO Wang Gong told reporters, the southwest region has abundant mineral resources of lithium, materials able to guarantee production base, while the southwest region of the new energy market also has great market prospects. More importantly, with the production of electric vehicles the car to co-operate to ensure that product supply be met.

Zhongyuan Securities: Wei-Li 100 million to high-energy lithium battery industry, Star of Hope (study report)

Zhongyuan Securities: Wei-Li 100 million to high-energy lithium battery industry, Star of Hope (study report)

Company is China's largest and world's fifth PCGA-BP2NY sub-lithium battery supplier, in 2008 the domestic market share had risen to 39%. Li-ion battery in the smart sub-meters, automotive electronics, radio frequency identification and other areas of application prospects for the better. To consider the company a good development prospects and market position, we believe that a company's reasonable value of 18.6-21.7 billion

Event:

魛伜 100 million lithium-latitude distribution in GEM. Wei Li to 100 million by 18 yuan / share price of 2,200 million A shares will be issued October 13 purchase, after the companyPCGA-BP2NX 's total issued share capital of 8800 million. Fund-raising 396 million to invest (1) green high performance lithium / thionyl chloride battery project; (2) green high performance lithium / manganese dioxide battery project; (3) Li-ion battery Engineering R & D Center Project. Completion of the project will add 18 million lithium batteries Asia, lithium-manganese battery capacity of 22 million.

Comments:

魛伜 the nation's largest high-energy lithium battery company. Founded in December 2001, it has become China's largest and the world's fifth high-energy lithium battery supplier. The main products are high-energy lithium battery including lithium batteries and lithium-manganese PCGA-BP1N battery Asia, the second combination of batteries including lithium-ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries batteries combination. Li-ion batteries in 2008 Asia's domestic market share of 39%, international market share of about 5%. Composition in terms of revenue, the company lithium batteries in 2009 Asia accounted for 61.94 percent of income in the first half, gross margin reached 89.00% accounting for the past few years, sub-cell lithium-Maori accounted for more than 80% have been is the company's Sony laptop battery main source of profits.

Change the sign of the battery charge 1 hour grenade shell hot

Change the sign of the battery charge 1 hour grenade shell hot

Mobile phone battery exploded while charging, causing the left Laptop Battery eyeball burst. Press survey found that prices of mobile phone battery a far cry from more than one or two hundred yuan to have. Insiders pointed out that ten to twenty million "non-brand batteries" Ba Cheng holds an estimated market share of cheap steel core as they are often taken for battery core, easier explosion, power is greater.

Modified cells fend 5 minutes

Reporters interviewed found that prices of mobile phone battery a far cry from the big brands laptop battery with original equipment batteries frequently one or two hundred dollars, but in the electronic communications market, brand-name batteries are only ten to twenty million in the mid-price brand of battery will have to 50 or so. Amoy Street in Zhongshan Road, 6 appliances in the city, the reporter saw a market stall, hit the "on-site modified cells, the extraordinary stand-by 3 to 7 days" signs. Ran into a public holding a swollen battery question can repair. "May," answered clerk while the battery outside edge stickers stuck ripped apart inside the battery cell out from under the counter and come up with a new battery cell, and then carefully to protect the battery cell and battery on a Plate Welding , 337607-001 laptop battery and then voltage device testing, see the voltage to the "3.7V", the would readily come up with a printed "NOKIA" stickers to re-word the battery pack is good, the whole process less than 5 minutes, changing the core charge 15 yuan .

Plastic membrane shell safer batteries

Doing battery production in Shenzhen, Mr. Wang said more than ten years, if you want a full-fledged production of batteries, the cost generally 15 to 20 yuan, the retail price will certainly be more than 30 yuan, so ten or twenty dollars cheaper batteries will certainly cut corners, using poor quality of the battery cell.

"Battery cell sub-steel, aluminum and Pavilion ZT3000 laptop battery aluminum-plastic film, steel and aluminum cheaper." Mr. Wang said the steel strength of the highest and most dangerous, because steel is not easy to deformation, resulting in expansion deformation, the internal has been the accumulation of a lot of gas, once the powerful blast up on the large, "like the same shell." The deep-fried blind Mr. Chiang's battery, is the steel battery. At present, some big brand manufacturers to use aluminum battery shell membrane, the relative safety of a lot, but the cost of two expensive than the steel into the market share-less than one.

Modified cell is like a grenade

One battery manufacturer, said modified cell phone batteries are very dangerous, because they are modified, the battery's voltage characteristics have been EX942AA laptop battery changed, leading to the collection of inaccurate battery display, combined with the modified heat may cause the problem, which is an laptop battery important reason for the explosion.

Quality and technical supervision departments to remind: The new battery charger for the first time when hand-to-case temperature is too high, generally the initial battery charge (1 hour) will be fever, but the temperature will not be too high; after the temperature will be close to the ambient temperature; if charging a hours later, the battery case temperature is high (hot), there may be problems with battery charging protection circuit for safety reasons, should be discontinued. Also, do not frequent charging, to avoid prolonged charging, full can. If the battery is accidentally hit Shuaiguo or too heavy, do not rush to charge, be sure to check whether there are cracks the shell of the battery, charge the EV087AA battery case temperature when you pay attention to whether an exception in order to avoid damage to the internal protection circuit caused by accidents.

Li-ion battery performance Xiangjie <

Li-ion battery performance Xiangjie <

Battery capacity. In order to pursue slimmer body, better Laptop Battery portability, the battery would have made sacrifices. Now with MP3 players can watch movies about 3 ~ 4 hours, music, 12 hours or so. Q2 marked as 50-hour endurance is to a very stringent conditions can be attained. For example, the song bit rate, the battery charging perfectly, sound off, volume, and so limited. Well, in order to use more time for everyone to talk about how "attended to" the battery.

Lithium batteries in the discussion, we must first understand the lithium battery is divided into two types: lithium batteries and lithium-ion batteries. Li-ion battery is the electronic watches and other products in the button batteries, in theory, can also be charged. But not only ineffective, but also easy to short-circuit, so generally are not allowed to charge. Later, after Sony's improved design materials, inventions lithium-ion battery. This is what we are now widely used in lithium batteries, security, higher, life expectancy longer. The following discussion of the lithium batteries, both PB991A lithium-ion battery.

1. How do I recharge.

Legend 1: The battery has memory, the first three charging must be filled, at least 12 hours! This argument refers to the nickel batteries. Nickel battery memory strong at the beginning will affect the use of activation is not sufficient. While lithium batteries have to activate, but it's easy, after 3 to 5 times the normal charge and discharge can be activated. There is no memory of its own.

 

Classic SONY gum battery

Classic SONY chewing gum battery, you can see a clear indication for the Ni-MH (nickel-metal hydride) batteries.

Note that for too long instead of charging lithium batteries will cause harm, so the vast majority of electronic products are charging protection function. When the battery is full, the automatic power off. We can not guarantee protection must rely on charging to PB994A live a precaution, we still do not charge the battery a long time As for the state. In addition, some parts of voltage instability, lithium batteries relatively poor resistance to volatility, longer recharge time, which means even more vulnerable.

2. When charging.

Legends II: running out of power as far as possible, preferably automatic shutdown recharge. It is also said that nickel batteries. As the nickel battery memory, so every time you can begin using photoelectric charging. Some people may remember, the early mobile phone charger there are still "discharge" of this feature. However, lithium batteries model does not apply to this rule, over-discharge of lithium batteries but harmful. In order to ensure the life of lithium battery, preferably a low power consumption when prompted to start charging.

Ni-Cd (nickel-cadmium) batteries

The first generation of rechargeable batteries, Ni-Cd (nickel-cadmium) batteries. There is memory and cadmium on the human body is lethal.

Say that a true story. I once went out to play, cell phones do not charge a timely manner, resulting in power completely used up. Can not be recharged back to PB992A power, and had to give customer service overhaul. This is because the battery voltage is too low, leading to excessive discharge, or even do not have the normal charging conditions.

PSP to use Li-ion (Li-ion battery)

3. In the use of precautions.

In recent years have continuously heard that mobile phone battery explosion thing. Light burned property, in serious cases even burn the user. As for the explosion culprit Well, that is the battery of (nonsense, have not heard of the motherboard can be an explosion!). This is because the lithium batteries in many materials in contact with water, after severe chemical reaction can occur, and release a lot of heat, resulting in fever, burning. Manganese dioxide lithium battery cathode, only a small drip can dip fever phenomenon. Lithium thionyl chloride batteries in contact with water in the generation of hydrochloric acid and sulfur dioxide, while releasing heat. To understand the reason, preventive measures is also very simple, as long as attention to water moisture on it. Do not have lithium batteries must remove the battery should be placed separately. Winter is coming soon, after returning from the outdoors must be careful not to MP3, mobile phones and other products remain on the clothing pocket. Condensation products both inside and outside will become very wet, dry and ventilated a timely manner. Even if the battery is no problem, but also 398876-001 may cause short circuit damage to the device.

Was the battery burned pants

Some guests may have to ask, you can charge while watching movies? This problem can not be generalized. Some products of the AC circuit and the battery circuit separate from the design, while the use of edge charge completely no problem. However, some will not be able, if the description does not specify, for security reasons, the best customer service bar or advice.

Lithium battery tips

Lithium battery is a lithium metal or lithium alloy anode material, the use of non-aqueous electrolyte solution batteries. Reflect the process as follows:

Li + MnO2 = LiMnO2 the reaction of oxidation-reduction reaction, discharge.

Lithium batteries can be widely used in recent years, although it, but it has a long history. The first one lithium battery is invented by the great inventor Thomas Edison. Because lithium metal is very active on the manufacturing process make high demands. Early use only in the aerospace or the military field, along with manufacturing process 337607-003 improvements, has been able to promote civilian equipment.

Laptop battery instructions and pay attention to the matter

Laptop battery instructions and pay attention to the matter

1, how to charge your new battery?

Usually none of the new laptop battery is fully charged, in the use of the new laptop before the battery Laptop Battery needed for its rechargeable (please refer to equipment, charging Manual). Start using a new battery or batteries to stop using for some time, it takes three to four times the battery charge and discharge cycles before they reach the maximum effect.

Sometimes when charging laptop battery for the first time, when the 10-15 minutes after charging, equipment lights to indicate battery is fully charged, this situation of "rechargeable battery" is normal, you can simply remove the battery from the device and re-charge the battery can be.

The most important point is that every month, charge the battery fully discharged. The easiest way is to discharge the battery to open the device until the battery runs out so far, and then depending on the device user manual can recharge the battery.

If you do not use the Satellite 2100 battery more than a month, building meaning you remove the battery from the device, stored in a dry, cool place. Discharge in the charging, the battery temperature will rise, this is a normal phenomenon. Fully charged battery if the display period of time, the battery will discharge naturally, so when the battery storage for some time before the use of still charge them.

2, the new battery can not charge the battery problems?

Usually not, the equipment for the first time charging the battery, due to voltage, and current may cause instability when the battery charge to a half (sometimes more, sometimes less), equipment to refrain from continuing to charge the battery, if this happens Please do not worry, you can simply remove the battery from the device and re-re-charge. The Satellite A65 first rechargeable battery may need repeated the process several times. Please be assured that this is normal.

3, the new battery to activate the battery charging time required to complete?

We intended to build the first time your notebook's battery charge at least ** hours ** of digital battery of not less than an hour.

4, switch off the laptop charging, do not unplug the power charging his way.

5, the battery should be fully charge and Satellite A60-662 discharge as much as possible to avoid full charge the battery without the use of electric charge or discharge end, so as not to affect the battery life.

6, to avoid the impact of man-made, demolition, fall, heat or short-circuit.

7, to use special equipment charge.

8, should avoid high or low temperature environment, the use of laptop batteries.

In other words, even if your Toshiba laptop battery a long time do not use, nor capable stood, preferably a period of time to conduct a charge and Satellite 1900 discharge, in order to maintain the Toshiba laptop battery "state." However, because Toshiba notebook Lithium-Ion battery itself has some memory effect (generally say that Lithium-Ion battery without memory effect is wrong, lithium power companies actually have memory effect, only a very small only), preferably within the first Toshiba laptop battery power runs out, and then for charging, such an effect would be better. Of course, the best control the charging time of 12 hours, or excessive charging will lead to a reduction of Toshiba notebook battery life.

So after a long period after use, how to judge their own Toshiba laptop battery is also a normal job? In fact, it is not hard, said Toshiba laptop batteries in general will increase with the frequency of use, gradual reduction in working time is short, once the Toshiba laptop battery life up to less than half the nominal use of time, or use a long time to instability when the short time you have to be vigilant, because your Tecra 9100 Toshiba notebook computer batteries may have come to the end of life, the best preparation ahead of a danger.

Rechargeable alkaline zinc-manganese batteries

Rechargeable alkaline zinc-manganese batteries

Rechargeable alkaline zinc-manganese Tecra 9000 batteries (rechargeable alkaline zinc-manganese battery) can be obtained through the repeated use of a rechargeable alkaline zinc-manganese batteries improved for short RAM. The kinds of cell structure and manufacturing process is basically the same with the alkaline zinc-manganese batteries.

To achieve rechargeable, the batteries in alkaline zinc-manganese battery has been improved on the basis of: ① to improve the cathode structure and improve the positive ring strength or adding additives, adhesives, to prevent the cathode during charge and discharge occurs when the swelling; ② through the cathode doping to enhance the reversibility of manganese Tecra 8100 dioxide; ③ controlled amount of zinc negative electrode active material, the control of manganese dioxide can only be an electronic discharge; ④ improved isolation layer to prevent the battery charge generated when zinc dendrite penetration barrier short-circuit .

Rechargeable alkaline zinc-manganese battery charge and discharge cycle performance difference compared to conventional secondary batteries, the battery charge and discharge system on the cycle of life greatly. At present, the whole charge-discharge cycle life of only 30 times or so. Using the kinds of batteries can not be over-discharge, shallow discharge can greatly improve the battery cycle life. The battery discharge reaction and alkaline zinc-manganese Tecra 8000 batteries the same time, charge-discharge reaction occurs when the reverse reaction:

MnOOH + Zn (OH) 2 → Zn + MnO2 + H2O

Due to a shorter battery cycle life, development is restricted and the world only the United States, Canada, several companies large-scale production, China also produces such batteries, but the relatively small volume of production and exports.

Alkaline zinc-manganese batteries (alkaline zinc-manganese battery) with potassium hydroxide aqueous alkaline substance as an electrolyte, zinc-manganese batteries, zinc-manganese battery is neutral improved. The use of electrolytic manganese dioxide as cathode active material, and Satellite A75 conductive material by mixing graphite powder pressed into a ring, zinc powder as anode active material, and electrolyte and mixed gel made of paste. Structure and neutral zinc-manganese batteries On the contrary, including negative, positive outside, also known as anti-pole structure, and positive / negative isolation rooms with special paper separated.

Alkaline zinc-manganese batteries can also be made according to the needs of electric appliances cylindrical, button-shaped or square. The kinds of batteries and continuous high-current discharge performance is superior, zinc-manganese battery capacity than regular high and low temperature performance, cost performance is the highest civilian once the battery. Especially suitable for cameras, Satellite A70 and children's toys and other large-current continuous use of the apparatus. Electrochemical system, with the "L" said.

Structure and use of Ni-Cd battery

Structure and use of Ni-Cd battery
Nickel-cadmium batteries (nickel-cadmium battery) Satellite A100 metal cadmium as negative electrode active material, nickel hydroxide positive electrode active material for alkaline batteries. Positive and negative electrode materials were filled in perforated strip attached to nickel (or nickel belt), the by slurry, rolling, sintering, chemical or pasted, drying, tabletting methods such as plate made; polyamide non-woven materials such as an isolation layer; with potassium hydroxide aqueous solution as electrolyte solution; electrode assembly through the coiling or laminated in plastic or nickel-plated steel inside.

Ni-Cd battery nominal voltage of 1.2V, a cylindrical enclosure (KR), button (KB), a square enclosed (KC) and many other types. Has a wide temperature range, long life cycle and storage, capable of higher current discharge characteristics, but there is "memory" effect, often a result of regularity caused by the improper use of electrical performance.

Ni-Cd batteries Satellite A10 battery expression: (-) Cd ︱ KOH (NaOH) ︱ NiOOH (+)

Cell reaction is:

Discharge: Cd + NiOOH + H2O → Ni (OH) 2 + Cd (OH) 2

Charging time: Ni (OH) 2 + Cd (OH) 2 → Cd + NiOOH + H2O

A large bag, and open-type nickel-cadmium batteries used in railway locomotives, mines, armored vehicles, aircraft engines, etc. to start or emergency power supply. Cylindrical sealed nickel-cadmium batteries for electric tools, portable electric shaving devices. Small button nickel-cadmium batteries are used in low current, low-discharge rate of the cordless phones, electric toys. As the nickel-cadmium battery waste pollution of the environment, the series of batteries will be gradually better performance nickel-metal hydride Portege 4000 batteries replaced.



Ni-MH batteries using nickel hydroxide as the positive electrode active material, hydrogen storage alloy as negative electrode active material, potassium hydroxide aqueous solution as electrolyte for the green batteries.

High-capacity Ni-MH battery type than the energy 60--100Wh/Kg, high-power type Ni-MH battery than the energy of 40--50Wh/Kg.

Ni-MH battery charging mode to constant current charging, according to the battery on the current acceptance of different currents can be used to charge the battery during charging the battery without the need to limit the voltage monomer, while fast charging can be achieved.

Ni-MH batteries due to high conductivity electrolyte, the battery internal resistance small, can adapt to high-current discharge, so it can be divided into a low magnification, the magnification and high magnification battery. For a larger power output requirements more appropriate to the occasion. Battery charging at high temperatures, the main difficulties is the large PA3591U-1BRS Ni-MH battery in a relatively high temperature, the side reaction of oxygen precipitation reaction will speed up, if there is a better cathode performance, the precipitation of oxygen in the cathode can be negative on the reduction, which to remove the battery inside the presses. By adjusting the formulation process, can effectively improve the battery charging efficiency at high temperatures can be achieved when the temperature of the fast charging. Ni-MH battery can be used in -20 ℃ relatively large current discharge, such as the 1C discharge, sufficient to meet the power output needs.

Ni-MH battery charge and discharge current of 0.5C below, and the depth of discharge limits at 80% or less, the battery life can reach more than 1000. While the magnification to 100% faster 1C full charge-discharge, the battery life can reach more than 500 times.

In fact, electric cars are now engaged in the development and industrialization of the few developed countries, particularly Japan and the United States, its main power battery is used PA3506U-1BRS Ni-MH battery.

Low-speed electric vehicles, Shandong Union "checkpoints" low-speed electric vehicles are not in the government energy-saving and new

Low-speed electric vehicles, Shandong Union "checkpoints" low-speed electric vehicles are not in the government energy-saving and new

Experienced a period of going it alone, the Shandong Province, the low-speed Laptop Battery electric vehicle manufacturer to successfully with the province's automotive industry organizations formed an alliance to expand the impact of low-speed electric vehicles and seek to obtain legal status. September 25, Shandong Automobile Industry Association, Society of Automotive Engineers, Shandong Province, Shandong Province, the joint office of the industrialization of electric vehicles 18 enterprises in Shandong Province to set up new energy vehicles technological innovation alliance, and targets the low-speed four-wheel electric vehicles.

Constraints and the reality

Low-speed electric vehicles are not in the Government's energy-saving and new energy vehicles set out the scope to encourage some producers did not car production qualification. National Development and Reform Commission, Public Affairs and other competent authorities although the letter did not expressly prohibit the development of low-speed electric vehicles, but due to low-speed electric vehicles can not enter "vehicle manufacturing companies and product announcements" and therefore can not be on the card, it is still a restricted VGP-BPS10 ranks.

Low-speed electric vehicles in general, about 50 kilometers per hour, driving range of 100 km. These models at the lower price, only 30000 -4 million. Mainly uses lead-acid batteries, lead-acid battery technology is mature, inexpensive, but bulky, storage capacity is limited. At present, the major automakers develop electric vehicles are generally located in 100 kilometers per hour or more, using lithium-ion battery. In addition, because low-speed electric vehicles can not enter "vehicle manufacturers and product announcement", which means there is no testing organizations through the National Auto stringent test, it can not be determined whether the performance of its vehicle safety requirements up to the national car safety standards.

Whether the domestic automobile industry to VGP-BPS9 develop low-speed electric vehicles in dispute. "863" plan energy-saving and new energy vehicles in general, head of major projects, Ouyang Minggao advocate the development of small low-speed electric vehicles in order to promote the commercialization of electric vehicles. Shandong Shifeng Group and other companies are called on the government liberalized the control of low-speed electric vehicles. However, the mainstream car business think that low-speed electric vehicle for improving the level of domestic research and development of electric vehicles will not help should not be encouraged. Police traffic control department also think that the absence of the relevant regulations and standards and can not be on the card, low-speed electric vehicles difficult to manage.

Although there is controversy, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang and other places in recent years, some companies are seeking to develop low-speed electric vehicles, and in the local formation of a certain scale of production and marketing. In July 2009 held in Shanghai in the National Conference of light electric vehicles available information indicates that the current domestic VGP-BPS8 production enterprises of various low-speed electric car up to the 100, production capacity reach 30 million units, sales of tens of thousands of vehicles, the market mainly in Shandong Province provinces and abroad. Shandong new energy vehicle technology innovation alliance members - Shandong Po Nga New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd. in 2008 to the United States exported 500 low-speed electric vehicles, this year also received orders for the United States more than 4800 vehicles.

Deputy Secretary of the Society of Automotive Engineers of China to pay in the force, said he did not know, Shandong Province, set up a Coalition low-speed electric vehicles are not available for comment. China Automobile Industry Association executive vice president and secretary general Dong Yang also said he did not know this. Public letter to Secretary for the Ministry of the equipment industry, said Zhang Xiang-mu, engineering department and other departments, letters are being discussed to study the new energy vehicle technology line, the development of technical policy, currently unable to express their views on the low-speed electric vehicles. According to report, in the energy-saving VGP-BPS5 and new energy vehicle technology policy, the low-speed electric vehicles are not to encourage the columns.

Automotive Industry Association, the Office of Shandong Province, an interview, Mr. Shi said that although the country's current low-speed electric vehicles is limited, but the future policy may change. These cars can be a number of county roads, rural roads, you can also golf courses, parks, etc., as utility vehicles. March 1 this year, the Shandong Province, and gradually allow the low-speed electric cars opened its. Automobile Industry Association, Shandong Province, Society of Automotive Engineers of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, Engineering Society, and there is no affiliation.

Zhongtong Bus (5.47, -0.06, -1.08%), when the wind Group, Shandong Po Nga new energy vehicles in 18 new energy technology companies have joined the new VGP-BPS3 energy vehicle technology in Shandong Province Innovation Alliance. Bus pass in a person, said that joining the alliance is not in order to develop low-speed electric vehicles, but rather to seek the support of some parts enterprises to develop their own electric and hybrid buses. However, the alliance's core components are not many businesses. He also said that the Shandong provincial government for the low-speed electric vehicles, it does not encourage, in March of this year to allow low-speed electric vehicles is limited to running Exchange in a number of scenic spots as a means of transport to use, but some of these vehicles will be traveling on the highway, " walking a fine line. "

Be managed separately?

Low-speed electric vehicles is currently facing a very embarrassing position. China is currently no standard system of pure electric vehicles, China Automotive Technology and Research Center for the drafting of the "pure electric passenger vehicles technical conditions" (draft) provides that: pure electric passenger vehicles shall not be less than the maximum speed of 85 kilometers per hour; isokinetic driving 60 km per hour when the driving range should be greater than 150 VGP-BPL2 kilometers, 100 kilometers less than 16 kwh energy consumption. In addition, the safety performance of vehicles, energy consumption, battery performance, etc. to make provision for. Low-speed electric vehicles which will not be able to meet some of the provisions.

Public letter to the Department of Industrial Policy Department, a person in charge, said the new energy vehicles business should be a "vehicle production enterprises and product announcements," within the automotive vehicle production enterprises or modification of class commercial vehicle manufacturers. New car auto companies across enterprise or an existing product category the production of other types of new energy products, automotive vehicle, it should be invested in accordance with relevant state regulations first apply for the project approval or filing procedures. But so far, "vehicle manufacturers and product announcement," there is no low-speed electric vehicles. As for the future if there will be, he said can not answer. This reporter has learned, there are currently about 100 new energy vehicles of this model into the announcement.

Auto industry analyst Jia Xinguang said that developing low-speed electric vehicles with the state's electric car development strategies are not PCGA-BP71 contradictory. The development of high-end technology and products in order to compete in the global automotive industry high ground in the occupation of the development of low-end technology is to dominate the market. Low-speed electric car is a new phenomenon, it should not be equated with cars, but should be managed separately. Jia Xinguang Shandong Province Experts engaged by the automotive industry association, he participated in the September 25, Shandong Province, the new energy vehicle technology Innovation Alliance's inaugural meeting.

When the wind Group Chairman Liu Yi-fat has also been proposed that national authorities should be clearly a top speed of 50 km of small-scale low-speed pure electric vehicles, legal status and can not be small-scale low-speed pure electric vehicles, according to automotive standards and regulations for management, and will be a small low-speed Pure electric vehicles established as the major support from the direction of electric vehicles.

And co-sponsored the development of Sino-US Forum on promoting the adoption of electric vehicles, clean energy

And co-sponsored the development of Sino-US Forum on promoting the adoption of electric vehicles, clean energy

By the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, U.S. Department of Energy co-sponsored by the United States on the 29th PCG-Z505 Electric Vehicle Development Forum opened in Beijing on the altar, which is a joint Sino-US Clean Energy Research Center, after the establishment of Sino-US operation in the field of electric vehicles for the first time the exchange of activities aimed at for the two countries to jointly promote the development of electric vehicles, lay a good foundation.

China Science and Technology Minister Wan Gang, Vice Minister Cao Jianlin, the National Energy Board and the U.S. Department of Energy Assistant Secretary for Zhang Minister Sandro, the U.S. ambassador to Hong Bopei etc., and the Sino-US energy, the automotive sector more than 130 representatives to participate in the Forum . Mr Wan Gang said, and vigorously promote the development of electric vehicles transport energy transformation, has become the world's major developed countries, China and the focus of government support, the electric car development has triggered a global industrial restructuring is related to the global automotive industry in the future, is also related to the sustainability of future development of human Laptop Battery society.

Forum, the two sides represented on the opportunities and challenges surrounding the electric cars, policy context, technological advances and infrastructure construction, market prospects and cooperative opportunities for the exchange of such topics as speech, introduced the two sides of the latest developments in these areas and research results, and future development of forecasts.

Since 2000, China-related science and technology programs at the country continued to support the electric vehicle technology research and industrial development, after almost a decade of efforts, China has established a hybrid electric vehicle, pure electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles as the "three vertical "in order to multi-energy power control system, drive motor, power batteries and fuel cells as the key components of the" three horizontal "layout of the R & D PCG-V505 and industrialization.

China now has electric vehicle R & D and production capacity, industrial technology breakthrough, in which fuel-efficient hybrid vehicles rate of 10% to 40%, to achieve low-volume stock exchange; pure electric vehicles cost advantages, which have small quantities exported Europe and the United States; fuel cell vehicle technology indicators have reached international advanced level, to meet the commercial demonstration assessment requirements.

It is reported that the U.S. has become the world's largest electric vehicle applications market, at present, the U.S. government for electric vehicles as an important PCG-R505 component of their national strategies, plans to spread in 2015 1 million plug-in electric vehicles. This year in March, U.S. President Barack Obama also announced that arrangements for 2.4 billion U.S. dollars to support plug-in electric car R & D and industrialization. (